Are Survivors Different? Genetic-Based Selection of Trees by Mountain Pine Beetle During a Climate Change-Driven Outbreak in a High-Elevation Pine Forest.
Are Survivors Different? Genetic-Based Selection of Trees by Mountain Pine Beetle During a Climate Change-Driven Outbreak in a High-Elevation Pine Forest.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpls.2018.00993
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Cutter M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Six DL;Vergobbi C;Cutter M
气候变化直接或间接导致的森林树木死亡率上升正在世界各地发生。在北美西部，白皮松（一种高海拔关键树种）和黑松（一种广泛分布的生态和经济重要树种）在最近气候驱动的山松甲虫爆发中经历了广泛的死亡。然而，即使在经历高死亡率的林分中，一些成熟的树木仍然存活下来。我们假设，疫情作为一个自然选择事件，删除树木最容易受到甲虫和最不适应温暖干燥的条件。如果是这样的话，那么在甲虫抗性的基础基因座上预计会发生遗传变化。鉴于我们不知道抗性的基础，我们使用简单重复序列来比较两组树木的遗传图谱，幸存者（成熟的活树）和一般种群（直径刚好低于甲虫偏好的树木，预计在没有甲虫选择的情况下近似每个树种的遗传结构）。该方法检测高水平的多态性，并且通常能够检测与表型性状相关的模式。白皮松和黑松，幸存者和一般人口的树木大多隔离独立生存的遗传基础。有一些普通种群的树木与幸存者隔离的比例大致反映了幸存者与甲虫杀死的树木的比例。我们的研究结果表明，在爆发期间，甲虫的选择可能会导致强大的选择树木具有更大的抵抗力的攻击。我们的研究结果表明，生存是基于基因的，因此，遗传。因此，在疫情爆发后保留幸存者作为主要种子来源可以促进适应。将需要进一步研究来描述耐药性的实际机制。
Increased mortality of forest trees, driven directly or indirectly by climate change, is occurring around the world. In western North America, whitebark pine, a high elevation keystone species, and lodgepole pine, a widespread ecologically and economically important tree, have experienced extensive mortality in recent climate-driven outbreaks of the mountain pine beetle. However, even in stands experiencing high levels of mortality, some mature trees have survived. We hypothesized that the outbreak acted as a natural selection event, removing trees most susceptible to the beetle and least adapted to warmer drier conditions. If this was the case, genetic change would be expected at loci underlying beetle resistance. Given we did not know the basis for resistance, we used inter-simple sequence repeats to compare the genetic profiles of two sets of trees, survivors (mature, living trees) and general population (trees just under the diameter preferred by the beetles and expected to approximate the genetic structure of each tree species at the site without beetle selection). This method detects high levels of polymorphism and has often been able to detect patterns associated with phenotypic traits. For both whitebark and lodgepole pine, survivors and general population trees mostly segregated independently indicating a genetic basis for survivorship. Exceptions were a few general population trees that segregated with survivors in proportions roughly reflecting the proportion of survivors versus beetle-killed trees. Our results indicate that during outbreaks, beetle choice may result in strong selection for trees with greater resistance to attack. Our findings suggest that survivorship is genetically based and, thus, heritable. Therefore, retaining survivors after outbreaks to act as primary seed sources could act to promote adaptation. Further research will be needed to characterize the actual mechanism(s) of resistance.
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影响因子：
0.9
作者：
Clark, Erin L.;Carroll, Allan L.;Huber, Dezene P. W.
通讯作者：
Huber, Dezene P. W.
影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Kremer A;Ronce O;Robledo-Arnuncio JJ;Guillaume F;Bohrer G;Nathan R;Bridle JR;Gomulkiewicz R;Klein EK;Ritland K;Kuparinen A;Gerber S;Schueler S
通讯作者：
Schueler S
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Larson, Evan R.;Kipfmueller, Kurt F.
通讯作者：
Kipfmueller, Kurt F.
影响因子：
30.7
作者：
Dullinger, Stefan;Gattringer, Andreas;Huelber, Karl
通讯作者：
Huelber, Karl
新型储存产品 Psocid、Liposcelis badia 的温度依赖性发育和繁殖（Psocoptera：Liposcelididae）
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
Feng, Hong-Qiang;Zhao, Xin-Cheng;Guo, Yu-Yuan
通讯作者：
Guo, Yu-Yuan