Universality in human cortical folding in health and disease
Universality in human cortical folding in health and disease
复制标题
人类皮质折叠在健康和疾病中的普遍性
DOI：
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
B. Mota
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yujiang Wang;Joe H. Necus;Marcus Kaiser;B. Mota
意义 尽管哺乳动物大脑皮层的大小和功能存在巨大差异，但研究表明，不同物种的大脑皮层根据一个简单的普遍法则折叠。在这项研究中，我们调查了这一定律是否也适用于单个物种（我们自己的物种）内的变异。具体来说，我们研究了性别、年龄或阿尔茨海默病的存在如何影响法律。通过调查和量化每种情况下保持不变的内容和变化的内容，我们阐明了皮层在健康和疾病中发生变化的潜在机制，并认为形态复杂性可以从一些简单的规则中产生。最近表明，不同物种的哺乳动物大脑皮层的折叠遵循可以从简单的物理模型推导出来的通用缩放定律。然而，尚待确定该定律是否也适用于同一物种中不同个体的形态多样性，特别是年龄、性别和疾病等因素。为此，我们从来自三个独立公共数据库的 1,000 多名健康人类受试者的磁共振图像 (MRI) 中得出并研究了皮质形态。我们的结果表明，所有三个 MRI 数据集都遵循从比较神经解剖数据中获得的缩放定律，这强化了皮质折叠共同机制存在的情况。此外，对于可比较的年龄组，男性和女性的大脑以完全相同的方式缩放，尽管在大小和折叠方面存在系统性差异。此外，年龄会导致缩放定律的偏移发生系统性变化。在模型中，这种转变可以解释为作用在皮质上的机械力的变化。我们还将这种分析应用于源自阿尔茨海默病患者和年龄相似的健康受试者的可比较队列的数据集。与对照组相比，我们显示阿尔茨海默病受试者的指数有系统性较低的偏移和可能的变化。最后，我们讨论数据中偏移量和指数变化的影响，并将其与现有文献联系起来。因此，我们在先前独立的观察之间提供了可能的机制联系。
Significance Despite of the enormous diversity in size and function of the mammalian cerebral cortex, it has been shown that the cortices of different species fold according to a simple universal law. In this study, we investigate if this law also applies to variation within a single species—our own. Specifically, we examine how the law is affected by sex, age, or the presence of Alzheimer’s disease. By investigating and quantifying what remains invariant and what changes in each case, we shed some light on the underlying mechanisms through which the cortex changes in health and disease and argue that morphological complexity could emerge from a few simple rules. The folding of the cortex in mammalian brains across species has recently been shown to follow a universal scaling law that can be derived from a simple physics model. However, it was yet to be determined whether this law also applies to the morphological diversity of different individuals in a single species, in particular with respect to factors, such as age, sex, and disease. To this end, we derived and investigated the cortical morphology from magnetic resonance images (MRIs) of over 1,000 healthy human subjects from three independent public databases. Our results show that all three MRI datasets follow the scaling law obtained from the comparative neuroanatomical data, which strengthens the case for the existence of a common mechanism for cortical folding. Additionally, for comparable age groups, both male and female brains scale in exactly the same way, despite systematic differences in size and folding. Furthermore, age introduces a systematic shift in the offset of the scaling law. In the model, this shift can be interpreted as changes in the mechanical forces acting on the cortex. We also applied this analysis to a dataset derived from comparable cohorts of Alzheimer’s disease patients and healthy subjects of similar age. We show a systematically lower offset and a possible change in the exponent for Alzheimer’s disease subjects compared with the control cohort. Finally, we discuss implications of the changes in offset and exponent in the data and relate it to existing literature. We, thus, provide a possible mechanistic link between previously independent observations.
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Magnotta, VA;Andreasen, NC;Flaum, M
通讯作者：
Flaum, M
DOI：
10.1016/j.jmbbm.2013.02.018
发表时间：
2014-01
影响因子：
3.9
作者：
Bayly, P. V.;Taber, L. A.;Kroenke, C. D.
通讯作者：
Kroenke, C. D.