Neurotoxicity in acute and repeated organophosphate exposure.
Neurotoxicity in acute and repeated organophosphate exposure.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.tox.2018.08.011
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发表时间：
2018-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
Terry AV Jr
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Naughton SX;Terry AV Jr
有机磷酸酯 (OP) 一词是指在全球数百种产品中发现的多种化学物质。作为农药（最常见的用途），有机磷农药显然有利于农业生产力和控制致命的媒介传播疾病。然而，由于其广泛使用，OP 现已成为在环境以及动物和人体组织中检测到的最常见的合成化学品之一。这是一个日益严重的环境问题，因为许多有机磷农药具有剧毒，数十年来，意外和故意接触有机磷农药都会对健康造成有害影响。其中一些有害的健康影响包括各种长期的神经和精神障碍，包括注意力、记忆力和其他认知领域的损害。此外，一些表现出这些症状的慢性疾病，如海湾战争病和空气毒性综合症（至少部分）归因于有机磷暴露。除了急性乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制之外，OP 还可能影响许多其他靶标，导致氧化应激、轴突运输缺陷、神经炎症和自身免疫。其中一些靶标可用于治疗目的。因此，本综述的目的是：1) 描述有机磷酸酯 (OP) 化合物在全球的重要用途，2) 概述与 OP 暴露相关的各种风险和毒理学，特别是长期神经和精神症状，3) 讨论除胆碱酯酶抑制之外的 OP 毒性机制，4) 回顾逆转有机磷化合物的急性毒性和长期有害影响的潜在治疗策略。 OP。
The term organophosphate (OP) refers to a diverse group of chemicals that are found in hundreds of products worldwide. As pesticides, their most common use, OPs are clearly beneficial for agricultural productivity and the control of deadly vector-borne illnesses. However, as a consequence of their widespread use, OPs are now among the most common synthetic chemicals detected in the environment as well as in animal and human tissues. This is an increasing environmental concern because many OPs are highly toxic and both accidental and intentional exposures to OPs resulting in deleterious health effects have been documented for decades. Some of these deleterious health effects include a variety of long-term neurological and psychiatric disturbances including impairments in attention, memory, and other domains of cognition. Moreover, some chronic illnesses that manifest these symptoms such as Gulf War Illness and Aerotoxic Syndrome have (at least in part) been attributed to OP exposure. In addition to acute acetylcholinesterase inhibition, OPs may affect a number of additional targets that lead to oxidative stress, axonal transport deficits, neuroinflammation, and autoimmunity. Some of these targets could be exploited for therapeutic purposes. The purpose of this review is thus to: 1) describe the important uses of organophosphate (OP)-based compounds worldwide, 2) provide an overview of the various risks and toxicology associated with OP exposure, particularly long-term neurologic and psychiatric symptoms, 3) discuss mechanisms of OP toxicity beyond cholinesterase inhibition, 4) review potential therapeutic strategies to reverse the acute toxicity and long term deleterious effects of OPs.
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影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Burke RD;Todd SW;Lumsden E;Mullins RJ;Mamczarz J;Fawcett WP;Gullapalli RP;Randall WR;Pereira EFR;Albuquerque EX
通讯作者：
Albuquerque EX
影响因子：
8.3
作者：
Amr, MM;Halim, ZS;Moussa, SS
通讯作者：
Moussa, SS
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Abd El Rahman, Heba Allah;Salama, Mohamed;Abou-Donia, Mohamed B.
通讯作者：
Abou-Donia, Mohamed B.
DOI：
10.1016/s0165-3806(00)00021-3
发表时间：
2000-05-11
期刊：
DEVELOPMENTAL BRAIN RESEARCH
影响因子：
--
作者：
Auman, JT;Seidler, FJ;Slotkin, TA
通讯作者：
Slotkin, TA
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Clune AL;Ryan PB;Barr DB
通讯作者：
Barr DB