Gender differences in anxiety disorders: prevalence, course of illness, comorbidity and burden of illness.
Gender differences in anxiety disorders: prevalence, course of illness, comorbidity and burden of illness.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jpsychires.2011.03.006
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发表时间：
2011-08
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Hofmann SG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McLean CP;Asnaani A;Litz BT;Hofmann SG
女性焦虑症的患病率一直较高，但对性别如何影响发病年龄、慢性化、合并症和疾病负担知之甚少。使用精神病学流行病学协作研究（CPES）的数据，在美国的一个大样本成人（N = 20，013）中检查了DSM-IV焦虑症的性别差异。任何焦虑障碍的终生和12个月男性：女性患病率分别为1：1.7和1：1.79。女性有较高的终身诊断率为每一个焦虑症的检查，除了社交焦虑症的患病率没有性别差异。在发病年龄和疾病的慢性化方面没有观察到性别差异。然而，终生被诊断为焦虑症的女性比男性更有可能被诊断为另一种焦虑症，神经性贪食症和重度抑郁症。此外，焦虑症与女性比男性更大的疾病负担有关，特别是在欧洲裔美国女性中，在某种程度上也在西班牙裔女性中。这些结果表明，焦虑症在女性中不仅更普遍，而且比男性更致残。
Women have consistently higher prevalence rates of anxiety disorders, but less is known about how gender affects age of onset, chronicity, comorbidity, and burden of illness. Gender differences in DSM-IV anxiety disorders were examined in a large sample of adults (N = 20,013) in the United States using data from the Collaborative Psychiatric Epidemiology Studies (CPES). The lifetime and 12-month male:female prevalence ratios of any anxiety disorder were 1:1.7 and 1:1.79, respectively. Women had higher rates of lifetime diagnosis for each of the anxiety disorders examined, except for social anxiety disorder which showed no gender difference in prevalence. No gender differences were observed in the age of onset and chronicity of the illness. However, women with a lifetime diagnosis of an anxiety disorder were more likely than men to also be diagnosed with another anxiety disorder, bulimia nervosa, and major depressive disorder. Furthermore, anxiety disorders were associated with a greater illness burden in women than in men, particularly among European American women and to some extend also among Hispanic women. These results suggest that anxiety disorders are not only more prevalent but also more disabling in women than in men.
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作者：
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