Transcriptional correlates of human substance use.

Transcriptional correlates of human substance use.
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DOI:
10.1196/annals.1432.027
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发表时间:
2008-10
影响因子:
5.2
通讯作者:
Freed WJ
Freed WJ
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Lehrmann E;Freed WJ

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滥用药物会造成大脑功能的急性和慢性变化,每一种变化都反映在基因表达模式的改变上。许多大规模的基因表达研究已经采用了人类死后大脑的微阵列分析,以确定生前物质使用的转录相关。这些研究已经确定了转录本编码蛋白质的变化,这些蛋白质在功能上涉及神经元功能和突触可塑性、少突胶质细胞功能和髓鞘形成、脂质和能量代谢、线粒体功能、氧化磷酸化和细胞凋亡相关的信号转导。总体而言,不同类型的物质使用似乎共享其中一些影响,但不同类型物质使用的基因表达差异大于相似性。此外,数据表明,物质使用的诊断分类内的转录亚型可能发生。这些转录亚型或“内表型”可能反映了物质使用和共病神经精神障碍或其他疾病的复杂模式,其可能与物质使用相互作用以差异性地影响基因表达。通过复制和扩大现有基因表达数据的研究,可以更广泛地了解药物滥用导致大脑功能长期变化的方式。特别是,交叉引用区域和/或物质使用特异性变化的综合转录数据与遗传和蛋白质组学数据可以进一步帮助识别物质使用障碍中脑功能改变的候选生物标志物。
Drugs-of-abuse produce both acute and chronic changes in brain function, each of which is reflected in altered gene expression patterns. A number of large-scale gene expression studies have employed microarray analysis of human postmortem brain to identify transcriptional correlates of ante-mortem substance use. These studies have identified changes in transcripts encoding proteins functionally involved in neuronal function and synaptic plasticity, oligodendrocyte function and myelination, lipid and energy metabolism, mitochondrial function, oxidative phoshorylation, and cytoskeleton-related signal transduction. Overall, different types of substance use appear to share some of these effects, but there are more differences than similarities in gene expression for different types of substance use. Moreover, data suggest that transcriptional subtypes within a diagnostic classification of substance use may occur. These transcriptional subtypes, or “endophenotypes”, may reflect complex patterns of substance use and comorbid neuropsychiatric disorders or other disease, which may interact with substance use to differentially impact gene expression. A broader understanding of the manner in which substance abuse causes long-term changes in brain function may be obtained from studies replicating and expanding the present gene expression data. In particular, cross-referencing comprehensive transcriptional data on regional and/or substance use-specific changes with genetic and proteomic data may further aid in identifying candidate biomarkers of altered brain function in substance use disorders.
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