Genetic diversity of maternal lineage in the endangered Kiso horse based on polymorphism of the mitochondrial DNA D-loop region.
Genetic diversity of maternal lineage in the endangered Kiso horse based on polymorphism of the mitochondrial DNA D-loop region.
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DOI：
10.1292/jvms.14-0231
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发表时间：
2014-11
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Mukoyama H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Takasu M;Ishihara N;Tozaki T;Kakoi H;Maeda M;Mukoyama H
为了根据线粒体DNA D环区的多态性确定木曾马母系的遗传特征，我们收集了136匹木曾马的血液样本，占整个种群的91%，并对该区域15，437至15，847的411 bp进行了测序。首先，我们估计了人口统计学历史;通过使用基本局部比对搜索工具搜索获得的序列与已知序列之间的同源性，通过Arlequin的错配分析来评估突变过程，并通过使用分子进化遗传学分析软件构建显示世界各地24个马品种的mtDNA单倍型关系的系统发育树。结果表明，来到日本的各种马留在木曾地区，成为木曾马的祖先，也支持木曾马在历史上被其他日本本土马品种改良的理论。接下来，我们通过对所得序列进行分类，并使用Arlequin计算单倍型多样性和核苷酸多样性，分析了当前母系谱系的多样性。然后，我们使用NETWORK 4.6.0.0通过中位数连接网络可视化单倍型之间的关系。结果表明，木曾马母系谱系的多样性得到了合理的保持。最后，我们预测未来的变化，母系血统的多样性在木曾马通过评估获得的单倍型的区域分布。这种分布表明，母系谱系的多样性可能会减少。
To determine genetic characteristics of the maternal lineage of the Kiso horse based on polymorphisms of the mitochondrial DNA D-loop region, we collected blood samples from 136 Kiso horses, 91% of the entire population, and sequenced 411 bp from 15,437 to 15,847 in the region. First of all, we estimated the demographic history; by searching homology between the obtained and known sequences using Basic Local Alignment Search Tool, by mismatch analysis to evaluate the mutation processes using Arlequin, and by building a phylogenetic tree showing the relationship of the mtDNA haplotypes for 24 horse breeds around the world using Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis softwear. The results suggested that various horses that came to Japan stayed at Kiso region and became ancestors of Kiso horse and also genetically supported the theory that the Kiso horse was historically improved by other Japanese native horse breeds. Next, we analyzed the diversity of current maternal lineage by classifying the resulting sequences, and by calculating the haplotype diversity and nucleotide diversity using Arlequin. Then, we visualized the relationship among haplotypes by a median-joining network using NETWORK 4.6.0.0. The results suggested the diversity of maternal lineage in the Kiso horse was reasonably maintained. Lastly, we predicted future change of the diversity of maternal lineage in Kiso horse by assessing the regional distribution of the acquired haplotypes. The distribution suggested that diversity of maternal lineage would possibly be reducing.
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