Enzymatic Regulation and Biological Functions of Reactive Cysteine Persulfides and Polysulfides.
Enzymatic Regulation and Biological Functions of Reactive Cysteine Persulfides and Polysulfides.
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DOI：
10.3390/biom10091245
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发表时间：
2020-08-27
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Akaike T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sawa T;Motohashi H;Ihara H;Akaike T
半胱氨酸过硫化物（CysSSH）和半胱氨酸多硫化物（CysSSnH，n > 1）是具有与半胱氨酸硫醇结合的硫烷硫原子的半胱氨酸衍生物。检测和定量过硫化物和多硫化物的分析方法的进展表明，CysSSH和相关物种如谷胱甘肽过硫化物在生理上存在，并且在原核生物、真核生物和哺乳动物体内普遍存在。这些化合物的化学性质和丰度表明反应性过硫化物在细胞调节过程中的核心作用。CysSSH和相关物种已被认为是强大的抗氧化剂和细胞保护剂，并可能作为氧化还原信号中间体。半胱氨酰-tRNA合成酶（汽车）是一种新的半胱氨酸过硫化物合酶。此外，我们发现汽车参与了与翻译偶联的蛋白质多硫化。生物发生和生物能量学中的线粒体活性由来自线粒体汽车的CysSSH支持和上调。在这篇综述文章中，我们讨论了CysSSH和相关的过硫化物物种的生物合成的机制，特别侧重于汽车的作用。我们还综述了过硫化物的抗氧化和抗炎作用。
Cysteine persulfide (CysSSH) and cysteine polysulfides (CysSSnH, n > 1) are cysteine derivatives that have sulfane sulfur atoms bound to cysteine thiol. Advances in analytical methods that detect and quantify persulfides and polysulfides have shown that CysSSH and related species such as glutathione persulfide occur physiologically and are prevalent in prokaryotes, eukaryotes, and mammals in vivo. The chemical properties and abundance of these compounds suggest a central role for reactive persulfides in cell-regulatory processes. CysSSH and related species have been suggested to act as powerful antioxidants and cellular protectants and may serve as redox signaling intermediates. It was recently shown that cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase (CARS) is a new cysteine persulfide synthase. In addition, we discovered that CARS is involved in protein polysulfidation that is coupled with translation. Mitochondrial activity in biogenesis and bioenergetics is supported and upregulated by CysSSH derived from mitochondrial CARS. In this review article, we discuss the mechanisms of the biosynthesis of CysSSH and related persulfide species, with a particular focus on the roles of CARS. We also review the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory actions of persulfides.
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影响因子：
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