Tip cross-sectional geometry predicts the penetration depth of stone-tipped projectiles

Tip cross-sectional geometry predicts the penetration depth of stone-tipped projectiles
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尖端横截面几何形状预测石头射弹的穿透深度

DOI:
10.1038/s41598-020-70264-y
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发表时间:
2020
期刊:
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Eren, Metin I.
Eren, Metin I.
中科院分区:
综合性期刊3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sitton, Jase;Story, Brett;Buchanan, Briggs;Eren, Metin I.

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了解史前抛射武器的性能是解开过去人类生存和技术进化的基础。一个重要的争论涉及到石头尖端的射弹穿透目标的深度。理论上,在所有条件相同的情况下,具有较小尖端横截面几何形状的射弹应该比具有较大尖端横截面几何形状的射弹更深地穿透到目标中。然而,以前的实验既支持又质疑这一理论前提。在这里,在受控条件下,我们实验研究14种类型的石尖弹丸,每一个拥有不同的横截面几何形状。我们的研究结果表明,尖端横截面积(TCSA)和尖端横截周长(TCSP)表现出很强的,显着的反比关系与目标的穿透深度,虽然TCSP的关系更强。我们讨论了为什么我们的实验结果支持什么是数学预测,而以前的实验没有。我们的研究结果是一致的假设,当石尖横截面几何形状随着时间的推移在特定的情况下变得更小,这种演变可能是由于这些属性的选择增加渗透。
Understanding prehistoric projectile weaponry performance is fundamental to unraveling past humans’ survival and the evolution of technology. One important debate involves how deeply stone-tipped projectiles penetrate a target. Theoretically, all things being equal, projectiles with smaller tip cross-sectional geometries should penetrate deeper into a target than projectiles with larger tip cross-sectional geometries. Yet, previous experiments have both supported and questioned this theoretical premise. Here, under controlled conditions, we experimentally examine fourteen types of stone-tipped projectile each possessing a different cross-sectional geometry. Our results show that both tip cross-sectional area (TCSA) and tip cross-sectional perimeter (TCSP) exhibit a strong, significant inverse relationship with target penetration depth, although TCSP’s relationship is stronger. We discuss why our experimental results support what is mathematically predicted while previous experiments have not. Our results are consistent with the hypothesis that when stone tip cross-sectional geometries become smaller over time in particular contexts, this evolution may be due to the selection of these attributes for increased penetration.
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