TIN2 is an architectural protein that facilitates TRF2-mediated trans- and cis-interactions on telomeric DNA.

TIN2 is an architectural protein that facilitates TRF2-mediated trans- and cis-interactions on telomeric DNA.
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TIN2是一种结构蛋白,促进TRF2介导的端粒DNA上的反式和顺式相互作用。

DOI:
10.1093/nar/gkab1142
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发表时间:
2021-12-16
影响因子:
14.9
通讯作者:
Wang H
Wang H
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Kaur P;Barnes R;Pan H;Detwiler AC;Liu M;Mahn C;Hall J;Messenger Z;You C;Piehler J;Smart RC;Riehn R;Opresko PL;Wang H

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端粒特异性shelterin复合物包括TRF 1、TRF 2、RAP 1、TIN 2、TPP 1和POT 1,防止端粒作为双链DNA断裂的假识别,并调节端粒处的端粒酶和DNA修复活性。TIN 2是shelterin复合物的关键组分,直接与TRF 1、TRF 2和TPP 1相互作用。在体内,绝大多数TRF 1和TRF 2与TIN 2复合,但不与TPP 1和POT 1复合。由于TIN 2的敲低也从端粒中去除TRF 1和TRF 2,因此先前基于细胞的测定仅提供TRF 1/TRF 2和TIN 2丢失后下游效应的信息。在这里,我们使用单分子成像平台研究了TRF 2-TIN 2促进的DNA结构,包括使用荧光成像跟踪长小鼠端粒DNA的压实,蛋白质-DNA结构的原子力显微镜(AFM)成像,以及使用DNA tightrope分析监测DNA-DNA和DNA-RNA桥接。这些技术使我们能够发现以前未知的TIN 2的独特活动。TIN 2S和TIN 2L同种型促进TRF 2介导的端粒DNA压缩(顺式相互作用)、dsDNA-dsDNA、dsDNA-ssDNA和dsDNA-ssRNA桥接(反式相互作用)。此外,TIN 2促进TRF 2介导的T环形成。我们提出了一个分子模型,其中TIN 2作为一个建筑蛋白的功能,以促进TRF 2介导的反式和顺式更高阶的核酸结构在端粒。
The telomere specific shelterin complex, which includes TRF1, TRF2, RAP1, TIN2, TPP1 and POT1, prevents spurious recognition of telomeres as double-strand DNA breaks and regulates telomerase and DNA repair activities at telomeres. TIN2 is a key component of the shelterin complex that directly interacts with TRF1, TRF2 and TPP1. In vivo, the large majority of TRF1 and TRF2 are in complex with TIN2 but without TPP1 and POT1. Since knockdown of TIN2 also removes TRF1 and TRF2 from telomeres, previous cell-based assays only provide information on downstream effects after the loss of TRF1/TRF2 and TIN2. Here, we investigated DNA structures promoted by TRF2–TIN2 using single-molecule imaging platforms, including tracking of compaction of long mouse telomeric DNA using fluorescence imaging, atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging of protein–DNA structures, and monitoring of DNA–DNA and DNA–RNA bridging using the DNA tightrope assay. These techniques enabled us to uncover previously unknown unique activities of TIN2. TIN2S and TIN2L isoforms facilitate TRF2-mediated telomeric DNA compaction (cis-interactions), dsDNA–dsDNA, dsDNA–ssDNA and dsDNA–ssRNA bridging (trans-interactions). Furthermore, TIN2 facilitates TRF2-mediated T-loop formation. We propose a molecular model in which TIN2 functions as an architectural protein to promote TRF2-mediated trans and cis higher-order nucleic acid structures at telomeres.
DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkr459
发表时间: 2011-09-01
影响因子: 14.9
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