Biosynthesis of redox-active metabolites in response to iron deficiency in plants.

Biosynthesis of redox-active metabolites in response to iron deficiency in plants.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41589-018-0019-2
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发表时间:
2018-05
影响因子:
14.8
通讯作者:
Sattely ES
Sattely ES
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Rajniak J;Giehl RFH;Chang E;Murgia I;von Wirén N;Sattely ES

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铁是一种必需但生物可利用性很差的养分,因为它的溶解度很低,特别是在碱性土壤中。在这里,我们描述了一种新的氧化还原活性儿茶素代谢物的发现,称为sideretin,它来源于香豆素Fraxetin,是拟南芥根对缺铁反应的主要分子。我们已经确定了两种酶,它们完成了秦皮素和铁皮菜素的生物合成途径。秦皮黄素和西洋参黄素的化学特征和对途径突变体的生物学分析表明,这些香豆素对拟南芥的铁营养至关重要。此外,我们还表明,铁黄素的产生仅发生在与拟南芥有远缘关系的优树物种中。对各种优树根分泌物的非靶向性代谢组学研究表明,缺铁时会产生结构不同的氧化还原活性分子。我们的结果表明,根分泌小分子还原剂可能是基于还原的铁吸收的一个广泛的和以前未被认识的组成部分。
Iron is an essential but poorly bioavailable nutrient due to its low solubility, especially in alkaline soils. Here, we describe the discovery of a novel redox-active catecholic metabolite, termed sideretin, which derives from the coumarin fraxetin, and is the primary molecule exuded by Arabidopsis thaliana roots in response to iron deficiency. We have identified two enzymes that complete the biosynthetic pathway of fraxetin and sideretin. Chemical characterization of fraxetin and sideretin, and biological assays with pathway mutants, suggest that these coumarins are critical for iron nutrition in A. thaliana. Further, we show that sideretin production occurs in eudicot species only distantly related to A. thaliana. Untargeted metabolomics of the root exudates of various eudicots revealed production of structurally diverse redox-active molecules in response to iron deficiency. Our results indicate that secretion of small-molecule reductants by roots may be a widespread and previously underappreciated component of reduction-based iron uptake.
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