Combining controlled-release urea and normal urea to improve the nitrogen use efficiency and yield under wheat-maize double cropping system
Combining controlled-release urea and normal urea to improve the nitrogen use efficiency and yield under wheat-maize double cropping system
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控释尿素与普通尿素配伍提高小麦-玉米双熟制氮素利用效率和产量
DOI：
10.1016/j.fcr.2016.08.004
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发表时间：
2016-10
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Baocheng Chen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wenkui Zheng;Min Zhang;Zhiguang Liu;Hongyin Zhou;Hao Lu;Weitao Zhang;Yuechao Yang;Chengliang Li;Baocheng Chen
控释尿素（CRU）已被证明可以提高小麦和玉米作物的氮素利用效率（NUE）和产量，尽管高成本限制了其使用。从2013年10月到2015年9月，（在小麦生长季节，硫包衣尿素、聚合物包衣尿素和普通尿素的聚合物包衣，N比分别为3：3：4，和3.5：3.5：1.5）。3）对作物产量和养分吸收的影响。和玉米（Zea maysL.）轮换制作物残茬在生长季节结束时还田。在种植每种作物之前，以225 kg N ha−1（CRU 1）和150 kg N ha−1（CRU 2）的两种施用量将肥料混合物作为基肥施用一次。同时，以普通尿素（BBF 1和BBF 2）等量二次分割施肥，小麦为60%，拔节期为40%，玉米为V12（12叶穗期）为对照。结果表明，控释尿素与普通尿素配施能够满足小麦和玉米全生育期对氮素的需求，作物秸秆还田。在相同施氮量下，与普通尿素处理相比，控释尿素1号处理小麦增产7.9-10.3%，玉米增产9.1-21.0%。在相同施氮量下，与普通尿素处理相比，小麦和玉米的氮肥利用率分别提高33.7-56.4%和16.7-48.5%，年均净利润也提高14.5- 19.9%。虽然CRU 2处理提供的氮少了三分之一，但其产量与225 kg N ha−1的尿素相似。然而，BBF 2处理提供的氮少三分之一，小麦产量显著下降6.1-11.1%，玉米产量显著下降7.2-9.4%。此外，混施处理还显著提高了小麦分蘖的质量和数量。此外，混施化肥还提高了土壤中NO3--N和NH 4 +-N的含量，尤其是在作物生长后期，减少了土壤氮素的淋溶。这些结果表明，结合CRU和普通尿素提高作物产量和NUE，同时降低肥料成本和施肥所需的劳动力。
Controlled-release urea (CRU) has been shown to improve nitrogen use efficiencies (NUEs) and yields in wheat and maize crops, although high cost has limited its use. From October 2013 to September 2015, the effects of a fertilizer mixture (polymer coating of sulfur-coated urea, polymer coated urea, and normal urea with N ratios of 3: 3: 4, respectively, during the wheat growing season, and 3.5: 3.5: 3, respectively, during the maize season) on crop yields and nutrients uptake were investigated in a field using a wheat (Triticum aestivumL.) and maize(Zea maysL.)rotation system. Crop residues were returned into the field at the end of the growing season. Before planting each crop, the fertilizer mixture was applied once as basal dressing at two application rates of 225 kg N ha−1(CRU1) and 150 kg N ha−1(CRU2). Meanwhile, the equivalent rates of normal urea (BBF1 and BBF2) used as twice-split fertilization, 60% at pre-plant and 40% at jointing stage of wheat or V12 (twelve leaf collar) stage of maize as the control. The results suggested that blended applications of CRU and normal urea fulfilled the wheat and maize plants demand for nitrogen during the entire growth periods with crop residues were returned into the field. The yields in the CRU1 treatment were increased by 7.9–10.3% for wheat and 9.1–21.0% for maize, compared with normal urea treatment at the same nitrogen application rates. The NUEs in the mixture treatments were increased by 33.7–56.4% for wheat and 16.7–48.5% for maize, respectively, and the average annual net profit was also increased by 14.5–19.9%, compared with normal urea treatments at the same nitrogen application rates. Although the treatment of CRU2 supplied one-third less N, its yield was similar with that of urea at 225 kg N ha−1. However, the BBF2 treatment supplied one-third less N, the yields were significantly decreased by 6.1–11.1% for wheat and 7.2–9.4% for maize than that the urea at 225 kg N ha−1. In addition, the mixture treatments significantly increased the quality and quantity of tillering of wheat. Furthermore, the NO3−-N and NH4+-N concentration in soil were enhanced especially during the later crops stages, and leaching of soil nitrogen was reduced by using the fertilizer mixture. These results demonstrate that combining CRU and normal urea improved crop yields and NUEs while decreasing costs of fertilizer and the labors required for fertilizer application.
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影响因子：
6.5
作者：
Devkota, M.;Martius, C.;Vlek, P. L. G.
通讯作者：
Vlek, P. L. G.
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
Liu, XJ;Ju, XT;Christie, P
通讯作者：
Christie, P
控释尿素提高小麦氮素利用效率、产量和品质
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
通讯作者：
--
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2010
期刊：
Chinese Journal of Soil Science
影响因子：
--
作者：
Li Bin-qi
通讯作者：
Li Bin-qi
影响因子：
5.8
作者：
Geng, Jibiao;Ma, Qiang;Zheng, Wenkui
通讯作者：
Zheng, Wenkui