Sensitivity of 24-month-olds to the prior inaccuracy of the source: possible mechanisms.
Sensitivity of 24-month-olds to the prior inaccuracy of the source: possible mechanisms.
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DOI：
10.1037/a0019664
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发表时间：
2010-07
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Woodward, Amanda L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Koenig, Melissa A.;Woodward, Amanda L.
三项研究考察了24个月大的婴儿对词源先前准确性的敏感性，以及幼儿修改错误词源学习单词的方式。在实验1A、实验2和实验3中，幼儿与准确或不准确的说话者互动，说话者训练和测试儿童对新的词-物联系的理解。在实验1中，儿童对不准确来源的反应不如对准确来源的系统性反应。在实验2和实验3中，在原始来源测试了幼儿对新的词-宾语连接的理解后，第二个说话者请求目标物体。在实验2中，当新词之前是由不准确的来源呈现时，儿童对第二个说话者的请求做出随机反应。在实验3中，当幼儿对单词的记忆因短暂的延迟时间而增加时，他们对两个说话者的反应都是随机的。综上所述，这些发现表明，蹒跚学步的儿童注意准确的信息，将不准确视为特定个体的一个特征，因此形成的词-物表征可能是脆弱和短暂的。研究结果从儿童从有问题的说话者那里调整他们的单词学习的可能机制的角度进行了讨论。
Three studies examined 24-month-olds’ sensitivity to the prior accuracy of the source and the way in which young children modify their word learning from inaccurate sources. In Experiments 1A, 2 and 3, toddlers interacted with an accurate or inaccurate speaker who trained and tested children's comprehension of a new word-object link. In Experiment 1, children performed less systematically in response to an inaccurate than to the accurate source. In Experiments 2 and 3, after toddlers’ comprehension of the new word-object links was tested by the original source, a second speaker requested the target objects. In Experiment 2, children responded randomly in response to the second speaker's requests when novel words were previously presented by an inaccurate source. In Experiment 3, toddlers responded randomly in response to both speakers in the inaccurate condition when their memory for words was taxed by a brief delay period. Taken together, these findings suggest that toddlers attend to accuracy information, treat inaccuracy as a feature of a particular individual and that the word-object representations formed as a result may be fragile and short-lived. Findings are discussed in terms of possible mechanisms by which children adjust their word-learning from problematic speakers.
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