Structural requirements for long-chain (sphingoid) base inhibition of protein kinase C in vitro and for the cellular effects of these compounds.

Structural requirements for long-chain (sphingoid) base inhibition of protein kinase C in vitro and for the cellular effects of these compounds.
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体外蛋白激酶 C 的长链(鞘氨醇)碱抑制以及这些化合物的细胞作用的结构要求。

DOI:
10.1021/bi00434a004
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发表时间:
1989
期刊:
影响因子:
2.9
通讯作者:
Hunter,R
Hunter,R
中科院分区:
生物学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
MerrillJr,AH;Nimkar,S;Menaldino,D;Hannun,YA;Loomis,C;Bell,RM;Tyagi,SR;Lambeth,JD;Stevens,VL;Hunter,R

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1988年11月29日收到的修订版摘要:鞘氨醇、二氢鞘氨醇和其他长链(鞘氨醇)碱在体外抑制蛋白激酶C,并阻断细胞对被认为通过这种酶起作用的激动剂的反应。为了进一步了解这种抑制作用的机制,我们合成了一系列烷基链长度不同的长链类似物,(11-20个碳原子)、立体化学和头基的(a)体外蛋白激酶C活性的抑制,(B)响应于佛波醇肉豆蔻酸酯(PMA)的中性粒细胞呼吸爆发,(c)PMA诱导的HL-60细胞分化,和(d)中国仓鼠卵巢细胞的生长。在每种情况下,18碳同系物的效果最大,它们与主要的天然长链碱基(鞘氨醇)长度相同。较短链同系物的较低效力部分是由于细胞摄取减少。鞘氨醇的四种立体异构体(即赤型和赤型鞘氨醇的D型和L型)、不同鞘氨醇同系物的7V-甲基衍生物和更简单的烷基胺(如硬脂胺)存在微小差异。不同的头基类似物的效力可能会受到质子化程度的影响,在测定pH值。鞘氨醇的pKt被测量为6.7;的pK&不同的类似物之间。这些发现表明,抑制蛋白激酶C和依赖于这种酶的细胞过程所需的主要结构特征是存在一个游离氨基和一个脂肪族侧链,其他基团具有更微妙的作用。
Revised Manuscript Received November 29, 1988 abstract: Sphingosine, sphinganine, and other long-chain (sphingoid) bases inhibit protein kinase C in vitro and block cellular responses to agonists that are thought to act via this enzyme. To gain further insight into the mechanism of this inhibition, a series of long-chain analogues differing in alkyl chain length (11-20 carbon atoms), stereochemistry, and headgroup were examined for (a) inhibition of protein kinase C activity in vitro,(b) the neutrophil respiratory burst in response to phorbol myristate acetate (PMA),(c) the PMA-induced differentiation of HL-60 cells, and (d) the growth of Chinese hamster ovary cells. In every instance, the effects were maximal with the 18-carbonhomologues, which are the same length as the predominant naturally occurring long-chain base (sphingosine). The lower potency of the shorter chain homologues was partially due to decreased uptake by cells. Small differences were obtained with the four stereoisomers of sphingosine (ie, D and L forms of erythro-and t/zra> sphingosine), with 7V-methyl derivatives of the different sphingosine homologues, and with simpler alkylamines (eg, stearylamine). The potency of the different headgroup analogues may be affected by the degree of protonation at the assay pH. The pKt of sphingosine was measured to be 6.7; the pK& varied among the analogues. These findings establish that the major structural features required forinhibition of protein kinase C and cellular processes dependent on this enzyme are the presence of a free amino group and an aliphatic side chain and that other groups have more subtle effects.
正常小鼠组织中存在游离鞘氨醇碱。
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