Infant mortality and intra-household competition in the Northern Islands of Orkney, Scotland, 1855-2001.

Infant mortality and intra-household competition in the Northern Islands of Orkney, Scotland, 1855-2001.
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苏格兰奥克尼北部群岛的婴儿死亡率和家庭内部竞争,1855 年至 2001 年。

DOI:
10.1002/ajpa.22264
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发表时间:
2013
影响因子:
2.8
通讯作者:
Johnson,PatriciaL
Johnson,PatriciaL
中科院分区:
地球科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sparks,CoreyS;Wood,JamesW;Johnson,PatriciaL

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本研究将家庭生命周期理论的原则应用于苏格兰北奥克尼群岛人口早期儿童死亡率的研究。主要假设是,由于资源有限和家庭内部竞争,家庭人口构成变化导致的不利家庭经济条件增加了5岁以下儿童的死亡风险。我们将Cox比例风险模型应用于苏格兰北奥克尼群岛1855年至2001年期间的近5000份相关出生和死亡记录。因变量是儿童在5岁前死亡的风险。研究结果表明,年龄构成不利的家庭中的儿童面临更高的死亡风险。一旦儿童、岛屿和家庭之间的异质性得到控制,这种死亡风险就会继续升高。研究结果还显示,男婴、高级儿和双胞胎的死亡风险存在差异。分析为这一历史背景下的家庭内部竞争提供了证据。最令人信服的竞争证据是家庭消费者/生产者比率和孪生对儿童死亡风险的影响。[J] .中国生物医学工程学报,2016,31(1):1 - 4。©2013 Wiley期刊公司
This study applies principles from the theory of household life cycles to the study of early childhood mortality in the population of the Northern Orkney Islands, Scotland. The primary hypothesis is that unfavorable household economic conditions resulting from changes in household demographic composition increase the risk of death for children under the age of 5 years because of limited resources and intra‐household competition. We apply Cox proportional hazards models to nearly 5,000 linked birth and death records from the Northern Orkney Islands, Scotland, from the period 1855 to 2001. The dependent variable is the child's risk of death before age 5. Findings suggest that children in households with unfavorable age compositions face higher risk of death. This elevated risk of death continues once heterogeneity among children, islands, and households is controlled. Results also show differential risk of death for male children, children of higher birth orders, and twin births. The analyses present evidence for intra‐household competition in this historic setting. The most convincing evidence of competition is found in the effects of household consumer/producer ratios and twinning on child mortality risks. Am J Phys Anthropol 151:191–201, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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