The Cell Walls of Green Algae: A Journey through Evolution and Diversity.
The Cell Walls of Green Algae: A Journey through Evolution and Diversity.
复制标题
绿藻的细胞壁：进化和多样性之旅。
DOI：
10.3389/fpls.2012.00082
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Willats WG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Domozych DS;Ciancia M;Fangel JU;Mikkelsen MD;Ulvskov P;Willats WG
绿藻代表了一大类形态多样的光合真核生物，它们几乎占据了地球上的每一个有光的栖息地。绿藻的细胞外覆盖物包括细胞壁也是多种多样的。在新兴技术的推动下，近期对绿藻细胞壁的研究激增，揭示了有关这些覆盖物的新的关键见解。例如，轮藻门绿藻的后期分化类群具有的细胞壁包含聚合物组合，与有胚植物细胞壁中存在的纤维素、果胶、半纤维素、阿拉伯半乳聚糖蛋白（AGPs）、伸展蛋白和木质素具有显著相似性。石莼纲海藻的细胞壁成分中，最丰富的纤维成分在不同的生命周期阶段可能从纤维素变为β - 甘露聚糖再变为β - 木聚糖。同样，这些藻类产生复杂的硫酸化多糖、AGPs和伸展蛋白。绿藻纲绿藻产生各种各样的细胞壁，从纤维素 - 果胶复合物到由富含羟脯氨酸的糖蛋白组成的细胞壁。为了更全面地解析绿藻内部以及与高等植物相关的进化趋势，以及细胞壁成分在食品和制药行业的潜在应用，需要对绿藻类群进行更大规模和更详细的调查，包括纳入新兴的基因组和转录组数据。
The green algae represent a large group of morphologically diverse photosynthetic eukaryotes that occupy virtually every photic habitat on the planet. The extracellular coverings of green algae including cell walls are also diverse. A recent surge of research in green algal cell walls fueled by new emerging technologies has revealed new and critical insight concerning these coverings. For example, the late divergent taxa of the Charophycean green algae possess cell walls containing assemblages of polymers with notable similarity to the cellulose, pectins, hemicelluloses, arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs), extensin, and lignin present in embryophyte walls. Ulvophycean seaweeds have cell wall components whose most abundant fibrillar constituents may change from cellulose to β-mannans to β-xylans and during different life cycle phases. Likewise, these algae produce complex sulfated polysaccharides, AGPs, and extensin. Chlorophycean green algae produce a wide array of walls ranging from cellulose–pectin complexes to ones made of hydroxyproline-rich glycoproteins. Larger and more detailed surveys of the green algal taxa including incorporation of emerging genomic and transcriptomic data are required in order to more fully resolve evolutionary trends within the green algae and in relationship with higher plants as well as potential applications of wall components in the food and pharmaceutical industries.
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