The origin of behavioral bursts in decision-making circuitry.
The origin of behavioral bursts in decision-making circuitry.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002075
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发表时间：
2011-06
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
de Polavieja GG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sorribes A;Armendariz BG;Lopez-Pigozzi D;Murga C;de Polavieja GG
从蚂蚁到人类，许多动物行为的时间都是在爆发性活动和长时间不活动之间进行的。最近，数学模型表明，优先级驱动的行为选择的简单算法可能会导致突发行为。为了通过实验测试决策电路和突发动力学之间的这种联系，我们转向了果蝇。我们发现，野生型果蝇内源性活动-休息转换的活动周期间隔的统计数据可以通过威布尔分布（复杂系统中突发动态的常见分布）很好地描述。野生型果蝇行走活动的突发动态被证明是由这种事件间分布单独决定的，而不是由记忆效应决定的，因此类似于人类动态。此外，利用破坏多巴胺能信号或蘑菇体、与决策有关的电路的突变果蝇，我们表明行为突发的程度是可以改变的。因此，这些结果与决策电路和突发动力学之间提出的联系一致，并强调使用简单的实验系统来测试一般行为理论模型的重要性。研究结果进一步表明，突发分析可能对决策电路的研究和评估有用。人们早就观察到动物的运动往往是爆发性的。这在许多动物物种中都可以看到，从小昆虫到人类活动模式。潜在的机制仍然未知，但最近的数学模型表明，这可能是由于优先级驱动的选择行为造成的。如果动物根据当前选择的相对优先级来决定下一步做什么，那么行为就会变得突发，而如果动物只是直接根据来自外部的提示采取行动，那么它们的行为就会变得不那么结构化并且更加随机。为了测试决策过程是否会影响突发行为，我们研究了果蝇（Drosophila melanogaster），因为它具有强大的遗传工具。我们操纵了大脑中被称为蘑菇体的部分以及形成多巴胺能系统的神经元，因为之前发现这两者都会破坏果蝇的正常选择行为。特别是，我们发现高水平的多巴胺使果蝇的活动模式变得不那么结构化，并且蘑菇体电路的某些部分也会影响突发性。因此，我们的研究结果与决策过程对于理解动物和人类活动模式很重要的观点是一致的。
From ants to humans, the timing of many animal behaviors comes in bursts of activity separated by long periods of inactivity. Recently, mathematical modeling has shown that simple algorithms of priority-driven behavioral choice can result in bursty behavior. To experimentally test this link between decision-making circuitry and bursty dynamics, we have turned to Drosophila melanogaster. We have found that the statistics of intervals between activity periods in endogenous activity-rest switches of wild-type Drosophila are very well described by the Weibull distribution, a common distribution of bursty dynamics in complex systems. The bursty dynamics of wild-type Drosophila walking activity are shown to be determined by this inter-event distribution alone and not by memory effects, thus resembling human dynamics. Further, using mutant flies that disrupt dopaminergic signaling or the mushroom body, circuitry implicated in decision-making, we show that the degree of behavioral burstiness can be modified. These results are thus consistent with the proposed link between decision-making circuitry and bursty dynamics, and highlight the importance of using simple experimental systems to test general theoretical models of behavior. The findings further suggest that analysis of bursts could prove useful for the study and evaluation of decision-making circuitry. It has long been observed that animal movement tends to come in bursts of activity. This has been seen in many animal species, ranging from small insects to even human activity patterns. The underlying mechanisms remain unknown, but recently a mathematical model showed that it could be due to priority-driven choice behavior. If the animals decide what to do next depending on the relative priorities of the choices at hand, the behavior becomes bursty, while if the animals simply act directly on cues coming from the outside, their behavior becomes less structured and more random. To test if decision-making processes affect behavior in bursts, we studied the fruit fly (Drosophila melanogaster), because of the powerful genetic tools available. We manipulated a part of the brain known as the mushroom body, and neurons that form the dopaminergic system, since both had previously been found to disrupt normal choice behavior in the fly. In particular we found that high levels of dopamine made the flies' activity pattern less structured, and that parts of the mushroom body circuitry also affected burstiness. Our findings are thus consistent with the idea that decision-making processes could be important for understanding animal and human activity patterns.
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