Animals and SARS-CoV-2: Species susceptibility and viral transmission in experimental and natural conditions, and the potential implications for community transmission.
Animals and SARS-CoV-2: Species susceptibility and viral transmission in experimental and natural conditions, and the potential implications for community transmission.
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DOI：
10.1111/tbed.13885
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发表时间：
2021-07
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Reid TJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hobbs EC;Reid TJ
目前的新冠肺炎全球大流行是由可能起源于蝙蝠的严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2(SARS-CoV-2)引起的，这突显了持续需要对新出现的人畜共患病事件采取统一卫生应对措施。对于许多新出现的人畜共患病来说，了解人与动物的界面及其与疾病传播的相关性仍然是一个关键的控制点。确定不同动物物种对感染SARS-CoV-2的易感性以及动物在疾病流行病学中的作用，对于为应对这一大流行的人类和兽医公共卫生提供适当的信息至关重要。我们进行了范围界定的文献综述，以收集、评估和展示有关动物感染SARS-CoV-2的现有研究证据。实验研究已经成功地证明了SARS-CoV-2在猫、雪貂、仓鼠、蝙蝠和非人灵长类动物中的感染和传播。狗似乎对SARS-CoV-2的易感性有限，而包括猪和家禽在内的其他家养物种似乎不容易感染。在动物中自然发生的SARS-CoV-2感染似乎并不常见，在撰写本报告时(2020年7月初)，有14只宠物、8只圈养大型猫科动物和未报告数量的养殖水貂检测呈阳性。狗的感染通常是无症状的，而猫的呼吸道和/或胃肠道疾病的临床症状往往是轻度到中度，水貂则是严重到致命的。大多数动物被推定是通过与新冠肺炎患者的密切接触而感染的。在家养环境中，病毒传播是自我限制的；然而，在高密度动物环境中，可以在动物之间持续传播。到目前为止，在受感染的水貂养殖场正在调查两起潜在的动物传人病例。鉴于全球数以百万计的新冠肺炎病例以及进一步人畜共患病和人间传播的潜在可能性，需要进一步的研究和监测活动，以确定动物在SARS-CoV-2社区传播中所起的作用。
The current COVID‐19 global pandemic, caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) of probable bat origin, has highlighted the ongoing need for a One Health response to emerging zoonotic disease events. Understanding the human–animal interface and its relevance to disease transmission remains a critical control point for many emerging zoonoses. Determination of the susceptibility of various animal species to infection with SARS‐CoV‐2 and the role of animals in the epidemiology of the disease will be critical to informing appropriate human and veterinary public health responses to this pandemic. A scoping literature review was conducted to collect, evaluate and present the available research evidence regarding SARS‐CoV‐2 infections in animals. Experimental studies have successfully demonstrated SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and transmission in cats, ferrets, hamsters, bats and non‐human primates under experimental settings. Dogs appear to have limited susceptibility to SARS‐CoV‐2, while other domestic species including pigs and poultry do not appear susceptible. Naturally occurring SARS‐CoV‐2 infections in animals appear uncommon, with 14 pets, 8 captive big cats and an unreported number of farmed mink testing positive at the time of writing (early July 2020). Infections typically appear asymptomatic in dogs, while clinical signs of respiratory and/or gastrointestinal disease tend to be mild to moderate in felines, and severe to fatal in mink. Most animals are presumed to have been infected by close contact with COVID‐19 patients. In domestic settings, viral transmission is self‐limiting; however in high‐density animal environments, there can be sustained between‐animal transmission. To date, two potential cases of animal‐to‐human transmission are being investigated, on infected mink farms. Given the millions of COVID‐19 cases worldwide and ongoing potential for further zoonotic and anthroponotic viral transmission, further research and surveillance activities are needed to definitively determine the role of animals in community transmission of SARS‐CoV‐2.
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Deng, Junhua;Jin, Yipeng;Tian, Kegong
通讯作者：
Tian, Kegong
DOI：
10.1101/2020.04.16.045302
发表时间：
2020-09-08
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Damas, Joana;Hughes, Graham M;Lewin, Harris A
通讯作者：
Lewin, Harris A