New trajectories or accelerating change? Zooarchaeological evidence for Roman transformation of animal husbandry in Northern Italy.
New trajectories or accelerating change? Zooarchaeological evidence for Roman transformation of animal husbandry in Northern Italy.
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DOI：
10.1007/s12520-020-01251-7
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Valenzuela-Lamas S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Trentacoste A;Nieto-Espinet A;Guimarães S;Wilkens B;Petrucci G;Valenzuela-Lamas S
在整个罗马帝国的西部省份，更大的经济和政治联系对农业生产产生了重大影响，在与罗马国家整合后，农业生产的规模和专业化程度都有所提高。然而，在西欧，独特的是，意大利的农业战略在罗马征服前几个世纪就开始演变，许多与牲畜大小和不同分类群的相对比例有关的“罗马”模式首次出现在公元前第一个千年的早期和中期。这些变化意味着早在罗马霸权之前，生产战略就已经发生了重大重组，甚至在意大利相对边缘的地区也是如此。动物考古学研究已经记录了罗马时代畜牧业生产的进一步重大变化，但这些发展与早期趋势之间的关系仍然不清楚。通过分析来自意大利北方低地（波弗留利平原）的物种代表性和牲畜生物统计学的动物考古学数据，本研究调查了青铜时代和古代晚期之间的动物开发，以探讨罗马政治和经济组织对畜牧业的影响。结果表明，次区域的物种代表性的变化，和不同的轨迹，在牛，绵羊和山羊的生物特征的演变，相比，猪。铁器时代建立的畜牧业经济向更复杂、更有活力的方向发展的初步步骤，在罗马时代得到了加速和进一步的重新配置，这得益于罗马经济组织和其中专业化和大规模的生产系统。动物考古学的趋势在罗马时期继续发展，直到公元世纪前后的进一步变化表明了另一波变化。在线版本包含补充材料，可通过10.1007/s12520-020-01251-7获得。
Throughout the Western provinces of the Roman Empire, greater economic and political connectivity had a major impact on agricultural production, which grew in scale and specialisation after integration with the Roman state. However, uniquely in Western Europe, farming strategies in Italy began to evolve centuries before the Roman conquest, and many ‘Roman’ patterns associated with livestock size and the relative proportions of different taxa first emerged during the early and middle centuries of the first millennium BC. These changes imply a significant reorganisation of production strategies well before Roman hegemony, even in relatively marginal areas of Italy. Zooarchaeological studies have documented further significant changes to livestock production in Roman times, but the relationship between these developments and earlier trends remains unclear. Through analysis of zooarchaeological data for species representation and livestock biometry from lowland northern Italy (Po–Friulian Plain), this study investigates animal exploitation between the Bronze Age and Late Antiquity in order to characterise the influence of Roman political and economic organisation on animal husbandry. Results demonstrated subregional variation in species representation, and different trajectories in the biometric evolution of cattle, sheep and goats, compared to pigs. Initial steps established in the Iron Age towards a more complex and dynamic livestock economy were accelerated and further reconfigured in Roman times, facilitated by Roman economic organisation and the specialised and large-scale production systems within it. Zooarchaeological trends continued to progress over the Roman period, until further changes at the very end of the chronology considered here—around the sixth century AD—suggest another wave of change. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12520-020-01251-7.
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影响因子：
1.8
作者：
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通讯作者：
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