COVID-19: Current understanding of its Pathophysiology, Clinical presentation and Treatment.
COVID-19: Current understanding of its Pathophysiology, Clinical presentation and Treatment.
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DOI：
10.1136/postgradmedj-2020-138577
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发表时间：
2021-05
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Parasher, Anant
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Parasher, Anant
关键词：
严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2型是冠状病毒科的一种新的冠状病毒，目前已知是导致武汉地区近期爆发的一系列急性非典型呼吸道感染的罪魁祸首中国。由这种病毒引起的疾病被称为冠状病毒病19，或简称新冠肺炎，已经以惊人的速度在世界各地迅速传播，并于2020年3月11日被世界卫生组织宣布为大流行。本文就新冠肺炎的病理生理、临床表现和最新的治疗策略作一综述。应用计算机检索PubMed/MEDLINE数据库1997~2020年的文献和各类文献/病例报道，检索词为冠状病毒、SARS、中东呼吸综合征和信使核糖核酸病毒。新冠肺炎现已在全球蔓延，所有人群的发病率和死亡率都在上升。在缺乏适当和有效的抗体检测的情况下，目前的诊断是基于鼻咽和口咽拭子样本的逆转录-聚合酶链式反应。该病的临床表现为轻度、中度或重度疾病。大多数患者要么是没有症状的携带者，尽管没有症状，但有可能感染其他密切接触者，或者患有轻微的流感样疾病，无法与简单的上呼吸道感染区分开来。中度和重度病例需要住院和强化治疗，包括非侵入性和有创性通风，以及退热药、抗病毒药物、抗生素和类固醇。复杂的病例可能需要免疫调节药物和血浆置换治疗。目前，寻找有效的新冠肺炎疫苗的工作正在如火如荼地进行，制药公司已经在许多国家开始了人体试验。
The severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus-2 is a novel coronavirus belonging to the family Coronaviridae and is now known to be responsible for the outbreak of a series of recent acute atypical respiratory infections originating in Wuhan, China. The disease caused by this virus, termed coronavirus disease 19 or simply COVID-19, has rapidly spread throughout the world at an alarming pace and has been declared a pandemic by the WHO on March 11, 2020. In this review, an update on the pathophysiology, clinical presentation and the most recent management strategies for COVID-19 has been described. A search was conducted for literature and various articles/case reports from 1997 to 2020 in PUBMED/MEDLINE for the keywords coronavirus, SARS, Middle East respiratory syndrome and mRNA virus. COVID-19 has now spread globally with increasing morbidity and mortality among all populations. In the absence of a proper and effective antibody test, the diagnosis is presently based on a reverse-transcription PCR of nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swab samples. The clinical spectrum of the disease presents in the form of a mild, moderate or severe illness. Most patients are either asymptomatic carriers who despite being without symptoms have the potential to be infectious to others coming in close contact, or have a mild influenza-like illness which cannot be differentiated from a simple upper respiratory tract infection. Moderate and severe cases require hospitalisation as well as intensive therapy which includes non-invasive as well as invasive ventilation, along with antipyretics, antivirals, antibiotics and steroids. Complicated cases may require treatment by immunomodulatory drugs and plasma exchange therapy. The search for an effective vaccine for COVID-19 is presently in full swing, with pharmaceutical corporations having started human trials in many countries.
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影响因子：
25.4
作者：
Guaraldi, Giovanni;Meschiari, Marianna;Mussini, Cristina
通讯作者：
Mussini, Cristina
影响因子：
168.9
作者：
Chan, Jasper Fuk-Woo;Yuan, Shuofeng;Yuen, Kwok-Yung
通讯作者：
Yuen, Kwok-Yung
DOI：
10.1001/jama.2015.13896
发表时间：
2015-11-17
期刊：
JAMA
影响因子：
--
作者：
Bacharier LB;Guilbert TW;Mauger DT;Boehmer S;Beigelman A;Fitzpatrick AM;Jackson DJ;Baxi SN;Benson M;Burnham CD;Cabana M;Castro M;Chmiel JF;Covar R;Daines M;Gaffin JM;Gentile DA;Holguin F;Israel E;Kelly HW;Lazarus SC;Lemanske RF Jr;Ly N;Meade K;Morgan W;Moy J;Olin T;Peters SP;Phipatanakul W;Pongracic JA;Raissy HH;Ross K;Sheehan WJ;Sorkness C;Szefler SJ;Teague WG;Thyne S;Martinez FD
通讯作者：
Martinez FD
影响因子：
9.4
作者：
Chan, Jasper Fuk-Woo;Choi, Garnet Kwan-Yue;Yuen, Kwok-Yung
通讯作者：
Yuen, Kwok-Yung
DOI：
10.1038/nrmicro2090
发表时间：
2009-03
期刊：
Nature reviews. Microbiology
影响因子：
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作者：
通讯作者：
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