Defining and measuring cyberbullying within the larger context of bullying victimization.

Defining and measuring cyberbullying within the larger context of bullying victimization.
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在欺凌受害的大背景下定义和衡量网络欺凌。

DOI:
10.1016/j.jadohealth.2011.12.031
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发表时间:
2012
期刊:
The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Oppenheim,JayKoby
Oppenheim,JayKoby
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ybarra,MicheleL;Boyd,Danah;Korchmaros,JosephineD;Oppenheim,JayKoby

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为了向包括网络欺凌在内的欺凌行为的科学辩论提供信息,测量。方法在6-17岁的青少年(n=1,200)中进行了两项在线分裂调查,以提供关于网络欺凌测量的建议。结果无论是否包括定义,使用“欺凌”一词的测量结果都会导致彼此相似的患病率,而不使用“欺凌”一词的测量方法彼此相似,无论是否包括定义。一份既没有定义也没有“欺凌”一词的欺凌经历的行为清单会导致更高的患病率,而且可能衡量的经历超出了“欺凌”的定义。后续的问题质疑不同的能力,重复和欺凌随着时间的推移被用来检查错误分类。使用定义而不使用“欺凌”一词的衡量标准似乎具有最高的假阳性率,因此,错误分类的比率也最高。在两项研究中,平均25%的人报告至少每月被当面欺负,而在线欺凌的平均比例为10%,通过电话(手机或固定电话)欺凌的比例为7%,通过短信欺凌的比例为8%。结论:在美国,讲英语的人的欺凌行为衡量标准应尽可能包括“欺凌”一词。这个定义对研究人员来说可能是一个有用的工具,但结果表明,它并不一定会产生更严格的欺凌受害衡量标准。直接测量欺凌的各个方面(例如,差异力量、重复、随着时间的推移)可以减少错误分类。为了防止跨域重复计算,我们建议区分以下几个方面:模式(例如,在线、面对面)、类型(例如,语言、关系)和环境(例如,学校、家庭)。我们将网络欺凌概念化为通过在线模式进行交流的欺凌行为。
PURPOSETo inform the scientific debate about bullying, including cyberbullying, measurement.METHODSTwo split-form surveys were conducted online among 6–17-year-olds (n = 1,200 each) to inform recommendations for cyberbullying measurement.RESULTSMeasures that use the word “bully” result in prevalence rates similar to each other, irrespective of whether a definition is included, whereas measures not using the word “bully” are similar to each other, irrespective of whether a definition is included. A behavioral list of bullying experiences without either a definition or the word “bully” results in higher prevalence rates and likely measures experiences that are beyond the definition of “bullying.” Follow-up questions querying differential power, repetition, and bullying over time were used to examine misclassification. The measure using a definition but not the word “bully” appeared to have the highest rate of false positives and, therefore, the highest rate of misclassification. Across two studies, an average of 25% reported being bullied at least monthly in person compared with an average of 10% bullied online, 7% via telephone (cell or landline), and 8% via text messaging.CONCLUSIONSMeasures of bullying among English-speaking individuals in the United States should include the word “bully” when possible. The definition may be a useful tool for researchers, but results suggest that it does not necessarily yield a more rigorous measure of bullying victimization. Directly measuring aspects of bullying (i.e., differential power, repetition, over time) reduces misclassification. To prevent double counting across domains, we suggest the following distinctions: mode (e.g., online, in-person), type (e.g., verbal, relational), and environment (e.g., school, home). We conceptualize cyberbullying as bullying communicated through the online mode.
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第 2 章 – 谁是受害者?
DOI: --
发表时间: 2004
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Xin Ma
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网络欺凌:谁是受害者?
DOI: --
发表时间: 2009
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影响因子: --
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