Cyclic [G(2',5')pA(3',5')p] is the metazoan second messenger produced by DNA-activated cyclic GMP-AMP synthase.

Cyclic [G(2',5')pA(3',5')p] is the metazoan second messenger produced by DNA-activated cyclic GMP-AMP synthase.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2013.04.046
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发表时间:
2013-05-23
期刊:
影响因子:
64.5
通讯作者:
Patel DJ
Patel DJ
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gao P;Ascano M;Wu Y;Barchet W;Gaffney BL;Zillinger T;Serganov AA;Liu Y;Jones RA;Hartmann G;Tuschl T;Patel DJ

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最近的研究发现环 GMP-AMP (cGAMP) 是触发干扰素反应的后生动物第二信使。 cGAMP 由细胞质 dsDNA 传感器 cGAMP 合酶 (cGAS) 从 GTP 和 ATP 生成。我们结合结构、化学、生化和细胞测定来证明第二信使含有 G(2',5')pA 和 A(3',5')pG 磷酸二酯键,命名为 c[G(2',5') pA(3',5')p]。我们发现,在 dsDNA 结合后,cGAS 通过构象转变被激活,从而形成具有催化能力且可接近的核苷酸结合口袋,用于生成 c[G(2',5')pA(3',5')p]。我们证明环化以逐步的方式发生,首先生成 5'-pppG(2',5')pA,然后环化为 c[G(2',5')pA(3',5')p],后者精确地定位在催化口袋中。 cGAS dsDNA 结合或催化口袋残基的突变体表现出降低或消除的活性。我们的研究已确定 c[G(2',5')pA(3',5')p] 是与细菌 3',5' 环状二核苷酸不同的后生动物含 2',5' 环状异二核苷酸第二信使家族的创始成员。
Recent studies identified cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) as a metazoan second messenger triggering an interferon response. cGAMP is generated from GTP and ATP by cytoplasmic dsDNA sensor cGAMP synthase (cGAS). We combined structural, chemical, biochemical, and cellular assays to demonstrate that this second messenger contains G(2′,5′)pA and A(3′,5′)pG phosphodiester linkages, designated c[G(2′,5′) pA(3′,5′)p]. We show that, upon dsDNA binding, cGAS is activated through conformational transitions, resulting in formation of a catalytically competent and accessible nucleotide-binding pocket for generation of c[G(2′,5′)pA(3′,5′)p]. We demonstrate that cyclization occurs in a stepwise manner through initial generation of 5′-pppG(2′,5′)pA prior to cyclization to c[G(2′,5′)pA(3′,5′)p], with the latter positioned precisely in the catalytic pocket. Mutants of cGAS dsDNA-binding or catalytic pocket residues exhibit reduced or abrogated activity. Our studies have identified c[G(2′,5′)pA(3′,5′)p] as a founding member of a family of metazoan 2′,5′-containing cyclic heterodinucleotide second messengers distinct from bacterial 3′,5′ cyclic dinucleotides.
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