Sea surface temperature cooling mode in the Pacific cold tongue
Sea surface temperature cooling mode in the Pacific cold tongue
复制标题
太平洋冷舌海面温度冷却模式
DOI：
10.1029/2010jc006501
复制
发表时间：
2010-12
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Zhao, Xia
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang, Wenjun;Li, Jianping;Zhao, Xia
[1]利用3个赤道太平洋海表温度（SST）资料，研究了赤道太平洋SST的长期变化及其与全球变暖的关系（哈德利中心全球海冰和海面温度，扩展重建海面温度和卡普兰），来自国家环境预测中心/国家大气研究中心再分析的大气场，和次表层海水温度。在1870-2007年和1948-2007年两个时期的所有三个SST数据集中，赤道太平洋冷舌的冷却模式是明显的。这种冷却，这是由第二个经验正交函数模式表示，其特点是冷却在太平洋冷舌和温暖的热带太平洋其他地方。其主成分时间序列与全球平均地表温度结合气温和海温高度相关。近几十年来，热带太平洋的大气场和次表层海温场与SST冷却模态相互耦合。此外，对于政府间气候变化专门委员会第四次评估报告数据库中获得的20世纪运行（20 C3 M）的耦合模式，具有厄尔尼诺-南方涛动（ENSO）事件真实特征的模式可以很好地显示冷却模式。然而，冷却模式没有显示在这些耦合模式中的前工业化的情况下，没有强迫归因于全球变暖。从观测和模式的结果表明，冷却模式很可能是由全球变暖引起的。这一结论得到了一个假设的支持，该假设考虑了赤道太平洋对全球变暖的动态影响。
[1] Long-term variability in sea surface temperature (SST) in the equatorial Pacific and its relationship with global warming were investigated using three SST data sets (Hadley Center Global Sea Ice and Sea Surface Temperature, extended reconstruction sea surface temperature, and Kaplan), atmospheric fields from National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research reanalysis, and subsurface sea temperature from the Simple Ocean Data Assimilation data set. A cooling mode in the equatorial Pacific cold tongue is evident in all three SST data sets for two periods: 1870-2007 and 1948-2007. This cooling, which is indicated by the second empirical orthogonal function mode, is characterized by cooling in the Pacific cold tongue and warming elsewhere in the tropical Pacific. Its principal component time series is highly correlated with global mean surface temperature combining air temperature and SST. In association with the SST cooling mode, atmospheric fields and subsurface sea temperature are coupled in the tropical Pacific during recent decades. Moreover, for the coupled models in the 20th century run (20C3M), obtained from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Fourth Assessment Report database, those with realistic features of El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events can well show the cooling mode. However, the cooling mode is not shown in these coupled models in a preindustrial scenario with no forcing attributed to global warming. Results from observations and models suggest that the cooling mode is very likely caused by global warming. This conclusion is supported by a hypothesis that considers dynamic effects in the equatorial Pacific Ocean in response to global warming.
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