GNC and CGA1 modulate chlorophyll biosynthesis and glutamate synthase (GLU1/Fd-GOGAT) expression in Arabidopsis.
GNC and CGA1 modulate chlorophyll biosynthesis and glutamate synthase (GLU1/Fd-GOGAT) expression in Arabidopsis.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0026765
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发表时间：
2011
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Rothstein SJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hudson D;Guevara D;Yaish MW;Hannam C;Long N;Clarke JD;Bi YM;Rothstein SJ
叶绿体发育是植物生产力的重要决定因素，并受环境因素（包括光和氮的量）以及内部植物激素（包括细胞分裂素和赤霉素（GA））的控制。光、氮和细胞分裂素可上调旁核加塔转录因子GNC和CGA 1/GNL的表达，但GA信号可抑制其表达。改变这些基因的表达以前已被证明会影响拟南芥中的叶绿素含量，同时也会改变发芽，伸长生长和开花时间。在这项工作中，我们还使用转基因株系来证明GNC和CGA 1表现出对叶绿素生物合成的部分冗余控制。我们提供了新的证据表明，GNC和CGA 1影响叶绿体数量和叶淀粉的转录水平成比例。发现GNC和CGA 1修饰叶绿体定位的谷氨酸合成酶（GLU 1/Fd-GOGAT）的表达，这是控制绿色组织中氮同化的主要因素。还发现改变GNC和CGA 1表达可调节重要叶绿素生物合成基因（GUN 4、HEMA 1、PORB和PORC）的表达。如前所述，CGA 1转基因植物表现出显著改变的许多发育事件的时间，包括发芽，产叶，开花时间和衰老。相比之下，我们分析的GNC转基因株系在叶绿体发育差异之外保持相对正常的生长表型。尽管部分分歧的一些证据，结果表明，GNC和CGA 1的光，氮，细胞分裂素，和GA的调节作用，以调节氮同化，叶绿体发育和淀粉生产。了解控制这些过程的机制对农业生物技术很重要。
Chloroplast development is an important determinant of plant productivity and is controlled by environmental factors including amounts of light and nitrogen as well as internal phytohormones including cytokinins and gibberellins (GA). The paralog GATA transcription factors GNC and CGA1/GNL up-regulated by light, nitrogen and cytokinin while also being repressed by GA signaling. Modifying the expression of these genes has previously been shown to influence chlorophyll content in Arabidopsis while also altering aspects of germination, elongation growth and flowering time. In this work, we also use transgenic lines to demonstrate that GNC and CGA1 exhibit a partially redundant control over chlorophyll biosynthesis. We provide novel evidence that GNC and CGA1 influence both chloroplast number and leaf starch in proportion to their transcript level. GNC and CGA1 were found to modify the expression of chloroplast localized GLUTAMATE SYNTHASE (GLU1/Fd-GOGAT), which is the primary factor controlling nitrogen assimilation in green tissue. Altering GNC and CGA1 expression was also found to modulate the expression of important chlorophyll biosynthesis genes (GUN4, HEMA1, PORB, and PORC). As previously demonstrated, the CGA1 transgenic plants demonstrated significantly altered timing to a number of developmental events including germination, leaf production, flowering time and senescence. In contrast, the GNC transgenic lines we analyzed maintain relatively normal growth phenotypes outside of differences in chloroplast development. Despite some evidence for partial divergence, results indicate that regulation of both GNC and CGA1 by light, nitrogen, cytokinin, and GA acts to modulate nitrogen assimilation, chloroplast development and starch production. Understanding the mechanisms controlling these processes is important for agricultural biotechnology.
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DOI：
10.1074/jbc.m109.025205
发表时间：
2009-09-11
期刊：
The Journal of biological chemistry
影响因子：
--
作者：
Adhikari ND;Orler R;Chory J;Froehlich JE;Larkin RM
通讯作者：
Larkin RM
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Criado, Maria V.;Caputo, Carla;Barneix, Atilio J.
通讯作者：
Barneix, Atilio J.
影响因子：
4
作者：
Bondada, BR;Syvertsen, JP
通讯作者：
Syvertsen, JP
影响因子：
11.6
作者：
Coschigano, KT;Melo-Oliveira, R;Coruzzi, GM
通讯作者：
Coruzzi, GM
影响因子：
7.2
作者：
Clough, SJ;Bent, AF
通讯作者：
Bent, AF