Review of Post-embedding Immunogold Methods for the Study of Neuronal Structures.

Review of Post-embedding Immunogold Methods for the Study of Neuronal Structures.
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DOI:
10.3389/fnana.2021.763427
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
2.9
通讯作者:
Wang YX
Wang YX
中科院分区:
医学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Petralia RS;Wang YX

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包埋后免疫金(PI)技术的免疫标记的神经元组织,利用标准的薄切片透射电子显微镜(TEM)仍然是一个主要的方法,了解功能定位的关键蛋白质在神经元功能。与其他免疫标记方法相比,它的主要优点是:(1)细胞中蛋白质的定位相当准确和可定量;(2)使用两种金颗粒大小对切片进行双重标记;(3)通过使用相邻切片对不同蛋白质进行多重标记的能力。在这里,我们首先详细回顾了一种常用的方法PI的神经组织。该方法有两个主要部分。首先,我们描述了冷冻替代包埋方法:通过骤降冷冻将冷冻保护的组织冷冻在液体丙烷中,并将其置于冷冻替代仪器中,其中组织在低温下包埋在Lowicryl中。我们强调冷冻替代包埋的重要方面。然后,我们概述了如何薄切片的网格上的包埋组织标记的第一抗体和第二个金颗粒结合的抗体,和PI标记的部分在TEM中遇到的特殊问题。在讨论中,我们将我们的方法与早期的PI方法和其他实验室使用的最近的PI方法进行了比较。我们还比较了TEM免疫标记使用PI与各种预包埋免疫标记方法,特别是与神经元组织。
The post-embedding immunogold (PI) technique for immunolabeling of neuronal tissues utilizing standard thin-section transmission electron microscopy (TEM) continues to be a prime method for understanding the functional localization of key proteins in neuronal function. Its main advantages over other immunolabeling methods for thin-section TEM are (1) fairly accurate and quantifiable localization of proteins in cells; (2) double-labeling of sections using two gold particle sizes; and (3) the ability to perform multiple labeling for different proteins by using adjacent sections. Here we first review in detail a common method for PI of neuronal tissues. This method has two major parts. First, we describe the freeze-substitution embedding method: cryoprotected tissue is frozen in liquid propane via plunge-freezing, and is placed in a freeze-substitution instrument in which the tissue is embedded in Lowicryl at low temperatures. We highlight important aspects of freeze-substitution embedding. Then we outline how thin sections of embedded tissue on grids are labeled with a primary antibody and a secondary gold particle-conjugated antibody, and the particular problems encountered in TEM of PI-labeled sections. In the Discussion, we compare our method both to earlier PI methods and to more recent PI methods used by other laboratories. We also compare TEM immunolabeling using PI vs. various pre-embedding immunolabeling methods, especially relating to neuronal tissue.
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