Consistency of state statutes with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention HIV testing recommendations for health care settings.
Consistency of state statutes with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention HIV testing recommendations for health care settings.
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DOI：
10.7326/0003-4819-150-4-200902170-00007
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发表时间：
2009-02-17
影响因子：
39.2
通讯作者：
Cunningham WE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mahajan AP;Stemple L;Shapiro MF;King JB;Cunningham WE
2006年9月，美国疾病控制和预防中心发布了《医疗机构成人、青少年和孕妇艾滋病毒检测修订建议》，以改进筛查和诊断。美国疾病控制与预防中心现在建议，在没有单独书面同意和预防咨询的情况下，为所有医疗保健环境中的所有患者提供选择退出艾滋病毒筛查。关于艾滋病毒检测的州法律被广泛认为是实施这些建议的障碍。为了帮助政策制定者和提供者更好地了解他们自己的法律背景，并纠正可能对法律兼容性的误解，我们逐州(包括哥伦比亚特区)对所有与艾滋病毒检测有关的法规进行了审查，并系统地评估了这些法律与新建议的一致性。我们制定了将州法定框架划分为与新建议一致、中立或不一致的标准，并审查了在这些不同的法律背景下实施疾控中心建议的影响。我们发现，35个州的法定框架要么与新的疾控中心建议一致，要么不受影响，从而能够全面实施。16个州的法律框架与疾控中心的新建议不一致，无法在不改变立法的情况下实施一项或多项新条款。在建议发布后的两年里，9个州通过了新的立法，从不一致转变为与指导方针一致。事实上，州成文法只朝着一个方向发展：更好地遵守疾控中心的建议。政策制定者、提供者团体、消费者权益倡导者和其他利益攸关方应确保艾滋病毒筛查做法符合现有的州法律，并努力修改不一致的法律，如果有兴趣实施疾控中心的建议。
In September 2006, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention released ‘Revised Recommendations for HIV Testing of Adults, Adolescents, and Pregnant Women in Healthcare Settings’ to improve screening and diagnosis. The CDC now recommends that all patients in all healthcare settings be offered opt-out HIV screening without separate written consent and prevention counseling. State law on HIV testing is widely assumed to be a barrier to implementing the recommendations. To help policymakers and providers better understand their own legal context and to correct possible misunderstandings about statutory compatibility, we performed a state-by-state review (including District of Columbia) of all statutes pertaining to HIV testing and systematically assessed the consistency of these laws with the new recommendations. We developed criteria for classifying state statutory frameworks as consistent, neutral, or inconsistent with the new recommendations, and we examined the implications for implementation of the CDC Recommendations in these various legal contexts. We found that statutory frameworks of 35 states were either consistent with or neutral to the new CDC Recommendations, enabling full implementation. Statutory frameworks of 16 states were inconsistent with the new CDC Recommendations, precluding implementation of one or more of the novel provisions without legislative change. In the 2 years since release of the recommendations, 9 states have passed new legislation to move from inconsistent to consistent with the guidelines. Indeed, state statutory laws were evolving in only one direction: toward greater compliance with the CDC Recommendations. Policymakers, provider groups, consumer advocates, and other stakeholders should ensure that HIV screening practices comply with existing state law and work to amend inconsistent laws if interested in implementing the CDC Recommendations.
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影响因子：
11.8
作者：
Hanssens, Catherine
通讯作者：
Hanssens, Catherine
影响因子：
6.2
作者：
Haukoos, Jason S.;Hopkins, Emily;Byyny, Richard L.
通讯作者：
Byyny, Richard L.
影响因子：
158.5
作者：
Paltiel, AD;Weinstein, MC;Walensky, RP
通讯作者：
Walensky, RP
影响因子：
120.7
作者：
Hall, H. Irene;Song, Ruiguang;Rhodes, Philip;Prejean, Joseph;An, Qian;Lee, Lisa M.;Karon, John;Brookmeyer, Ron;Kaplan, Edward H.;McKenna, Matthew T.;Janssen, Robert S.
通讯作者：
Janssen, Robert S.
影响因子：
120.7
作者：
Bartlett, John G.;Branson, Bernard M.;Mayer, Kenneth H.
通讯作者：
Mayer, Kenneth H.