Targeting glutamate synapses in schizophrenia.

Targeting glutamate synapses in schizophrenia.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.molmed.2011.08.004
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发表时间:
2011-12
影响因子:
13.6
通讯作者:
Conn PJ
Conn PJ
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Field JR;Walker AG;Conn PJ

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虽然早期的临床观察表明精神分裂症的神经病理学中存在多巴胺功能障碍,但越来越多的证据表明多种神经递质通路失调。NMDA受体拮抗剂的拟精神病作用表明多巴胺能信号传导失衡。令人鼓舞的是,许多临床前和临床研究已经阐明了几个潜在的目标,增加NMDA受体的功能和平衡谷氨酸能的紧张,包括代谢型谷氨酸受体2,3和5,毒蕈碱乙酰胆碱受体M1和M4,和甘氨酸转运蛋白GlyT1。高度特异性的变构和正构配体已被开发,修改这些新的靶蛋白的活性,并在这篇综述中,我们总结了两个histamatergic机制和新的化合物,越来越多的承诺,多方面的药理学方法来治疗精神分裂症。
Although early clinical observations implicated dopamine dysfunction in the neuropathology of schizophrenia, accumulating evidence suggests that multiple neurotransmitter pathways are dysregulated. The psychotomimetic actions of NMDA receptor antagonists point to an imbalance of glutamatergic signaling. Encouragingly, numerous preclinical and clinical studies have elucidated several potential targets for increasing NMDA receptor function and equilibrating glutamatergic tone, including the metabotropic glutamate receptors 2, 3 and 5, the muscarinic acetylcholine receptors M1 and M4, and the glycine transporter GlyT1. Highly specific allosteric and orthosteric ligands have been developed that modify the activity of these novel target proteins, and in this review we summarize both the glutamatergic mechanisms and the novel compounds that are increasing promise for a multifaceted pharmacological approach to treat schizophrenia.
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