Facets of prior experience and the effectiveness of inclusive design
Facets of prior experience and the effectiveness of inclusive design
复制标题
先前经验的各个方面和包容性设计的有效性
DOI：
10.1007/s10209-013-0296-1
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发表时间：
2013
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Hurtienne J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hurtienne J
包容性设计的研究表明，先前的经验对于交互产品的可用性非常重要。然而，先前的经验是一个定义不明确且使用不一致的概念。存在许多不同的体验定义和操作化，但这些操作化预测产品对老年用户的可用性的不同能力很少被系统地研究。这项研究旨在填补这一空白。有人认为，经验的构造至少包含三个组成部分。有人提出，其中两个组成部分，即曝光度和能力，与当前有关包容性设计先前经验的讨论直接相关，并且它们可以不同程度地预测产品对老年用户的可用性。在实证研究中，专业知识的这些方面分别在三个具体级别上进行操作，并评估它们对可用性的影响。结果表明，能力测量比暴露测量更能预测可用性变量，并且中和高特异性水平是最好的预测因子。将包容性设计原则应用于自动售票机的重新设计版本（尽管不会导致整体可用性的差异）改变了先前经验对可用性测量的影响，这意味着重新设计对先前经验的包容性增强。讨论了这些发现对老年用户包容性设计有效性的影响。
Research in inclusive design has shown the importance of prior experience for the usability of interactive products. Prior experience, however, is an ill-defined and inconsistently used construct. A number of different definitions and operationalisations of experience exist, but the differing power of these operationalisations to predict the usability of products for older users has rarely been investigated systematically. This study seeks to fill that gap. It is argued that the construct of experience has at least three components. It is proposed that two of these components, exposure and competence, are directly relevant for the current discussion about prior experience in inclusive design and that they can predict to different degrees the usability of a product for older users. In an empirical study, these facets of expertise are each operationalised on three levels of specificity and their impact on usability is assessed. The results show that measures of competence predict usability variables more strongly than measures of exposure and that levels of medium and high specificity are the best predictors. The application of inclusive design principles to a redesigned version of a ticket vending machine—although not resulting in a difference of overall usability—changed theimpactof prior experience on usability measures implying an enhanced inclusiveness of the redesign with regard to prior experience. The implications of these findings for the effectiveness of inclusive design for older users are discussed.
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