Endosperm development is an autonomously programmed process independent of embryogenesis
Endosperm development is an autonomously programmed process independent of embryogenesis
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胚乳发育是一个独立于胚胎发生的自主编程过程
DOI：
10.1101/2020.08.31.275354
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发表时间：
2020-08
期刊：
影响因子：
11.6
通讯作者：
Sun Meng-Xiang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xiong Hanxian;Wang Wei;Sun Meng-Xiang
陆地植物的种子含有三种遗传上不同的结构：胚、胚乳和种皮。胚和胚乳需要相互作用和交换信号，以确保协调生长。越来越多的证据已经证实，胚的生长是由营养胚乳支持的，并受到来自胚乳的信号的调节。现有的数据也支持胚乳发育需要与胚的通讯。在这里，使用单受精突变体，拟南芥dmp 8/9和gex 2，我们证明，在没有合子和胚胎，胚乳启动，合胞体形成，游离核细胞化，胚乳退化是正常的野生型的细胞学过程和时间过程。虽然胚的快速膨胀加速胚乳的分解，我们的研究结果强烈表明，胚乳发育是一个自主组织的过程，独立于卵细胞受精和胚-胚乳通信。这项工作证实了胚-胚乳协调发育过程中胚乳的利他性和自我导向性。这些发现为两种受精产物之间复杂的相互作用提供了新的见解，并将有助于区分胚乳和胚之间信号传导的真实的作用。这些发现也为农作物改良的农业生物技术提供了新的思路。
The seeds of land plants contain three genetically distinct structures: the embryo, endosperm, and seed coat. The embryo and endosperm need to interact and exchange signals to ensure coordinated growth. Accumulating evidence has confirmed that embryo growth is supported by the nourishing endosperm and regulated by signals originating from the endosperm. Available data also support that endosperm development requires communication with the embryo. Here, using single-fertilization mutants, Arabidopsis dmp8/9 and gex2, we demonstrate that in the absence of a zygote and embryo, endosperm initiation, syncytium formation, free nuclear cellularization, and endosperm degeneration are as normal as in the wild type in terms of the cytological process and time course. Although rapid embryo expansion accelerates endosperm breakdown, our findings strongly suggest that endosperm development is an autonomously organized process, independent of egg cell fertilization and embryo–endosperm communication. This work confirms both the altruistic and self-directed nature of the endosperm during coordinated embryo-endosperm development. The findings provide novel insights into the intricate interaction between the two fertilization products and will help to distinguish the real roles of the signaling between endosperm and embryo. These finding also shed new light on agro-biotechnology for crop improvement.
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