Clinical manifestations in infants and children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.
Clinical manifestations in infants and children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0195288
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Jørgensen IM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Søndergaard MJ;Friis MB;Hansen DS;Jørgensen IM
肺炎支原体是大龄儿童社区获得性肺炎的常见病因。与肺炎支原体感染相关的肺部和肺外症状有报道。肺炎支原体主要流行于丹麦，每4-7年复发一次。回顾性地描述2010年和2011年肺炎支原体流行期间婴儿和儿童的流行病学和临床特征。包括2010年1月2日至2012年1月31日期间接受肺炎支原体检测的所有16岁以下儿童。回顾了所有肺炎支原体患儿的医学图表和放射学检查结果。对部分队列进行了病毒合并感染的事后分析。经PCR或血清学检测，746名儿童中134名肺炎支原体阳性。65%的7岁及以上儿童、30%的2-6岁儿童和4%的婴儿（不到两岁）检测呈阳性。在27%的检测样本中发现了病毒合并感染。临床表现为咳嗽、哮喘样症状和低烧。肺外症状很常见，33%的儿童表现为恶心/呕吐，25%的儿童表现为皮肤症状。84%的儿童进行了胸部x光检查，其中94%的儿童放射学结果呈阳性。肺炎支原体也感染婴幼儿，症状与呼吸道病毒感染相似，但也见过严重的下呼吸道感染。在即将到来的流行病期间，评估肺外表现可能有助于诊断肺炎支原体感染。
Mycoplasma pneumoniae is a common cause of community-acquired pneumonia in older children. Pulmonary and extra-pulmonary symptoms associated with M. pneumoniae infection are reported. M. pneumoniae is mainly epidemic in Denmark with the recurrence every 4-7th year. Retrospectively, to describe the epidemiology and clinical features, in infants and children, during the M. pneumoniae epidemic in 2010 and 2011. All children under the age of 16 that were tested for M. pneumoniae during the period 01.02.2010–31.01.2012 were included. Medical charts, as well as radiological findings, were reviewed for all children with M. pneumoniae. A post-hoc analysis of viral co-infections was done on part of the cohort. 134 of 746 children were tested positive for M. pneumoniae by PCR or serology. Positive tests were found in 65% of children seven years and older, in 30% of 2-6-year-olds and 4% of infants (less than two years of age). Viral co-infection was found in 27% of the tested samples. The clinical presentation was a cough, asthma-like symptoms and low-grade fever. Extra-pulmonary symptoms were common and presented as nausea/vomiting by 33% of the children and skin manifestations by 25%. 84% of the children had a chest x-ray taken, and there were positive radiological findings in 94% of these. M. pneumoniae also affected infants and young children and symptoms were similar to infections with respiratory viruses, but severe LRTI were also seen. During an up-coming epidemic, assessment of extra-pulmonary manifestations can be helpful when diagnosing M. pneumoniae infections.
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