Targeting inhaled therapy beyond the lungs.

Targeting inhaled therapy beyond the lungs.
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DOI:
10.1159/000367852
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发表时间:
2014
期刊:
Respiration; international review of thoracic diseases
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
其他
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50多年来,肺部疾病一直是吸入治疗的主要目标。在此期间,人们对使用这种给药途径进入体循环以治疗呼吸道以外的许多疾病产生了越来越大的兴趣。为了有效地利用这一途径,必须考虑气溶胶沉积后从肺转运的障碍,包括疾病的性质,无论是近端的,如肺动脉高压,还是远端的,如糖尿病。递送至体循环开始于气雾剂产生的效率和随后在气道中的沉积,并继续影响清除机制,包括吸收、代谢、粘膜纤毛和细胞介导的转运,对药物在肺中的停留时间。药物小分子量或大分子量的性质、对降解的敏感性和一般理化性质在制剂化学、气雾剂递送的物理学和处置的生物学中起作用。
Pulmonary disease has been the primary target of inhaled therapeutics for over 50 years. During that period increasing interest has arisen in the use of this route of administration to gain access to the systemic circulation for the treatment of a number of diseases beyond the airways. In order to effectively employ this route the barriers to transport from the lungs following deposition of aerosols must be considered including the nature of the disease whether proximal, as in pulmonary hypertension, or distal, as in diabetes. Delivery to the systemic circulation begins with efficiency of aerosol generation and subsequent deposition in the airways and proceeds to the influence of mechanisms of clearance, including, absorption, metabolism, mucociliary and cell mediated transport, on residence time of drugs in the lungs. The nature of the drug small or large molecular weight, susceptibility to degradation and general physicochemical properties play a role in chemistry of formulation, the physics of aerosol delivery and the biology of disposition.
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