Comparative advantages of mechanical biosensors.

Comparative advantages of mechanical biosensors.
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DOI:
10.1038/nnano.2011.44
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发表时间:
2011-04
影响因子:
38.3
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
材料科学1区
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--
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机械相互作用是生物学的基础。化学来源的机械力决定细胞尺度上的运动性和粘附性,并在分子尺度上支配运输和亲和力。机械领域的生物传感提供了测量细胞和亚细胞过程的力、位移和质量变化的独特机会。纳米机械系统在尺寸上与分子相互作用特别匹配,并为具有单分子灵敏度的生物探针提供了基础。在这里,我们回顾了微米和纳米级生物传感器,特别关注通过基于质量和力的方法在流体中进行快速机械生物传感,以及非特异性相互作用所带来的挑战。我们解释了对任何类型的下一代机械生物传感器的成功至关重要的一般问题,例如需要提高固有的器件性能,制造再现性和系统集成。我们还讨论了需要更好地了解分析物-传感器相互作用的纳米级和随机过程中的传感环境。
Mechanical interactions are fundamental to biology. Mechanical forces of chemical origin determine motility and adhesion on the cellular scale, and govern transport and affinity on the molecular scale. Biological sensing in the mechanical domain provides unique opportunities to measure forces, displacements and mass changes from cellular and subcellular processes. Nanomechanical systems are particularly well matched in size with molecular interactions, and provide a basis for biological probes with single-molecule sensitivity. Here we review micro- and nanoscale biosensors, with a particular focus on fast mechanical biosensing in fluid by mass- and force-based methods, and the challenges presented by non-specific interactions. We explain the general issues that will be critical to the success of any type of next-generation mechanical biosensor, such as the need to improve intrinsic device performance, fabrication reproducibility and system integration. We also discuss the need for a greater understanding of analyte–sensor interactions on the nanoscale and of stochastic processes in the sensing environment.
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