Multi-echo quantitative susceptibility mapping: how to combine echoes for accuracy and precision at 3 Tesla.
Multi-echo quantitative susceptibility mapping: how to combine echoes for accuracy and precision at 3 Tesla.
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DOI：
10.1002/mrm.29365
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发表时间：
2022-11
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Shmueli, Karin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Biondetti, Emma;Karsa, Anita;Grussu, Francesco;Battiston, Marco;Yiannakas, Marios C.;Thomas, David L.;Shmueli, Karin
比较MRI QSM的不同多回波组合方法。鉴于目前缺乏共识，我们的目的是阐明如何在应用拉普拉斯基方法（lbm）进行相位展开或背景场去除之前或之后，将多回波梯度召回回波信号相位信息最佳地结合起来。在数值头模中模拟了多回声梯度-回忆回波数据，并在10名健康志愿者的3特斯拉下获得了多回声梯度-回忆回波图像。为了实现基于图像的梯度回忆回波信号噪声估计，5名志愿者在同一时段内被扫描了两次，没有重新定位。设计了5条QSM处理管道：1 .在lbm之前对TEs进行非线性相位拟合；2将lbm应用于TE依赖相，然后通过TE加权或信噪比加权平均将多个TE组合起来；和2通过多步或单步QSM计算TE依赖的敏感性图，然后通过幅度加权平均将多个TE结合起来。采用目测法比较不同管道的检测结果；深灰质、白质和静脉区易感性的汇总统计；相位噪声图（误差传播理论）；在健康志愿者中，区域固定偏倚分析（Bland-Altman）和区域均数差异（非参数检验）。在应用LBM之前，对TE上的多回波相位进行非线性拟合，与对LBM处理的TE相关相位进行平均相比，可以提供最高的区域精度和最低的相位噪声传播。这一结果尤其适用于高易感静脉区域。对于多回波QSM，我们建议在应用lbm之前通过非线性拟合来组合信号相位。点击这里查看作者与读者的讨论
To compare different multi‐echo combination methods for MRI QSM. Given the current lack of consensus, we aimed to elucidate how to optimally combine multi‐echo gradient‐recalled echo signal phase information, either before or after applying Laplacian‐base methods (LBMs) for phase unwrapping or background field removal. Multi‐echo gradient‐recalled echo data were simulated in a numerical head phantom, and multi‐echo gradient‐recalled echo images were acquired at 3 Tesla in 10 healthy volunteers. To enable image‐based estimation of gradient‐recalled echo signal noise, 5 volunteers were scanned twice in the same session without repositioning. Five QSM processing pipelines were designed: 1 applied nonlinear phase fitting over TEs before LBMs; 2 applied LBMs to the TE‐dependent phase and then combined multiple TEs via either TE‐weighted or SNR‐weighted averaging; and 2 calculated TE‐dependent susceptibility maps via either multi‐step or single‐step QSM and then combined multiple TEs via magnitude‐weighted averaging. Results from different pipelines were compared using visual inspection; summary statistics of susceptibility in deep gray matter, white matter, and venous regions; phase noise maps (error propagation theory); and, in the healthy volunteers, regional fixed bias analysis (Bland–Altman) and regional differences between the means (nonparametric tests). Nonlinearly fitting the multi‐echo phase over TEs before applying LBMs provided the highest regional accuracy of and the lowest phase noise propagation compared to averaging the LBM‐processed TE‐dependent phase. This result was especially pertinent in high‐susceptibility venous regions. For multi‐echo QSM, we recommend combining the signal phase by nonlinear fitting before applying LBMs. Click here for author‐reader discussions
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