Criteria to make animal studies more relevant to treating human cancer.

Criteria to make animal studies more relevant to treating human cancer.
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使动物研究与治疗人类癌更相关的标准。

DOI:
10.1016/j.coi.2021.09.002
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发表时间:
2022-03
影响因子:
7
通讯作者:
Schreiber H
Schreiber H
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Wolf SP;Wen FT;Schreiber H

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小鼠实验肿瘤模型的某些方面最准确地反映了患者癌症的生物学和免疫学。一项对2020年发表的实验性癌症免疫治疗论文的调查显示,尽管治疗是在癌细胞注射后的早期时间点开始的,但大多数都没有实现癌症缩小,这并不能反映患者的癌症免疫治疗。即便如此,目前的实验方法也很少能根除注射的恶性细胞,大多数只是延迟生长。靶向突变编码的肿瘤特异性抗原的价值变得越来越明显,而寻找正常基因编码的肿瘤相关抗原作为安全、有效靶点的问题仍然存在。现在可能是时候重新关注现实的实验环境和真正的癌症特异性靶点了。这些抗原与最小的副作用风险相关。
Certain aspects of experimental tumor models in mice most accurately reflect the biology and immunology of cancer in patients. A survey of experimental cancer immunotherapy papers published in 2020 shows most do not achieve cancer shrinkage although treatment is initiated at an early time point after cancer cell injection, which does not reflect cancer immunotherapy in patients. Even then, few current experimental approaches eradicate the injected malignant cells, most only delay outgrowth. The value of targeting mutation-encoded tumor-specific antigens becomes increasingly evident while problems of finding normal gene-encoded tumor-associated antigens as safe, effective targets persist. It might be time to refocus on realistic experimental settings and truly cancer-specific targets. These antigens are associated with the least risk of side effects.
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