Tuning the reactivity of alkoxyl radicals from 1,5-hydrogen atom transfer to 1,2-silyl transfer.

Tuning the reactivity of alkoxyl radicals from 1,5-hydrogen atom transfer to 1,2-silyl transfer.
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将烷氧基的反应性从 1,5-氢原子转移调整为 1,2-甲硅烷基转移

DOI:
10.1038/s41467-021-22382-y
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发表时间:
2021-04-09
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
Shen X
Shen X
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Yang Z;Niu Y;He X;Chen S;Liu S;Li Z;Chen X;Zhang Y;Lan Y;Shen X

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控制活性中间体的反应性对于实现选择性转化至关重要。由于容易的1,5-氢原子转移(HAT),烷氧基自由基已被证明是合成醇的δ-官能化的重要中间体。在此,我们公开了通过在烷氧基自由基的α-位引入甲硅烷基来抑制1,5-HAT的策略。有效的自由基1,2-甲硅烷基转移(SiT)使我们能够从醇底物制备各种α-官能化产物。与醇的α-C-H键直接氧化生成α-碳自由基相比,1,2-SiT反应的特点是生成烷氧基自由基,允许分子内羟基和氧原子旁的C-H键等官能团的存在,以及使用硅醇作为限制剂。从烷氧基自由基生成α-碳自由基具有挑战性,因为1,2-氢原子转移(HAT)通常不如1,5-HAT有利。在这里,作者报道了一种通过在烷氧基自由基的α-位引入甲硅烷基来抑制1,5-HAT的策略,从而能够制备α-烷氧基亚氨基醇和α-杂芳基醇。
Controlling the reactivity of reactive intermediates is essential to achieve selective transformations. Due to the facile 1,5-hydrogen atom transfer (HAT), alkoxyl radicals have been proven to be important synthetic intermediates for the δ-functionalization of alcohols. Herein, we disclose a strategy to inhibit 1,5-HAT by introducing a silyl group into the α-position of alkoxyl radicals. The efficient radical 1,2-silyl transfer (SiT) allows us to make various α-functionalized products from alcohol substrates. Compared with the direct generation of α-carbon radicals from oxidation of α-C-H bond of alcohols, the 1,2-SiT strategy distinguishes itself by the generation of alkoxyl radicals, the tolerance of many functional groups, such as intramolecular hydroxyl groups and C-H bonds next to oxygen atoms, and the use of silyl alcohols as limiting reagents. The generation of α-carbon radicals from alkoxyl radicals is challenging because 1,2-hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) is usually less favoured than 1,5-HAT. Here, the authors report a strategy to inhibit 1,5-HAT by introducing a silyl group into the α-position of alkoxyl radicals, enabling preparation of α-alkoxylimino alcohols and α-heteroaryl alcohols.
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