The Toll-Like Receptor 2 Ligand Pam2CSK4 Activates Platelet Nuclear Factor-κB and Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase Signaling to Promote Platelet-Endothelial Cell Interactions.

The Toll-Like Receptor 2 Ligand Pam2CSK4 Activates Platelet Nuclear Factor-κB and Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase Signaling to Promote Platelet-Endothelial Cell Interactions.
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Toll样受体2配体PAM2CSK4激活血小板核因子-XB和Bruton的酪氨酸激酶信号传导,以促进血小板 - 内皮细胞相互作用。

DOI:
10.3389/fimmu.2021.729951
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发表时间:
2021
影响因子:
7.3
通讯作者:
Aslan JE
Aslan JE
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Parra-Izquierdo I;Lakshmanan HHS;Melrose AR;Pang J;Zheng TJ;Jordan KR;Reitsma SE;McCarty OJT;Aslan JE

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循环血小板建立多种免疫程序并协调内皮炎症反应。血小板表达 Toll 样受体 (TLR) 的先天免疫家族。虽然已知 TLR2/TLR1 配体可激活血小板,但 TLR2/TLR6 配体对血小板功能的影响仍不清楚。在这里,我们的目的是确定 TLR2/TLR6 激动剂 Pam2CSK4 和 FSL-1 是否激活人血小板。此外,将人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVEC)与血小板共培养,分析血小板TLR2/TLR6对炎症和内皮细胞粘附的作用。 Pam2CSK4(而非 FSL-1)以浓度依赖性方式诱导血小板颗粒分泌和整合素 αIIbβ3 激活。此外,Pam2CSK4 促进血小板聚集并增加血小板对胶原涂层表面的粘附。使用阻断抗体和药理学抑制剂的机制研究表明,TLR2/核因子-κB 轴、布鲁顿酪氨酸激酶和次级 ADP 反馈环路参与 Pam2CSK4 诱导的血小板功能反应。有趣的是,Pam2CSK4 显示与免疫受体酪氨酸激活基序 (ITAM) 介导的信号传导相配合,以增强血小板激活。最后,血小板的存在增加了用 Pam2CSK4 处理的 HUVEC 的炎症反应,并且用 Pam2CSK4 攻击的血小板在静态和生理相关流动条件下显示出对 HUVEC 的粘附增加。在此,我们定义了血小板 TLR2 介导的信号传导的功能作用,这可能代表抑制血栓炎症性疾病中血小板过度活化的药物靶标。
Circulating platelets establish a variety of immunological programs and orchestrate inflammatory responses at the endothelium. Platelets express the innate immunity family of Toll-like receptors (TLRs). While TLR2/TLR1 ligands are known to activate platelets, the effects of TLR2/TLR6 ligands on platelet function remain unclear. Here, we aim to determine whether the TLR2/TLR6 agonists Pam2CSK4 and FSL-1 activate human platelets. In addition, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and platelets were co-cultured to analyze the role of platelet TLR2/TLR6 on inflammation and adhesion to endothelial cells. Pam2CSK4, but not FSL-1, induced platelet granule secretion and integrin αIIbβ3 activation in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, Pam2CSK4 promoted platelet aggregation and increased platelet adhesion to collagen-coated surfaces. Mechanistic studies with blocking antibodies and pharmacologic inhibitors demonstrated that the TLR2/Nuclear factor-κB axis, Bruton’s-tyrosine kinase, and a secondary ADP feedback loop are involved in Pam2CSK4-induced platelet functional responses. Interestingly, Pam2CSK4 showed cooperation with immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM)-mediated signaling to enhance platelet activation. Finally, the presence of platelets increased inflammatory responses in HUVECs treated with Pam2CSK4, and platelets challenged with Pam2CSK4 showed increased adhesion to HUVECs under static and physiologically relevant flow conditions. Herein, we define a functional role for platelet TLR2-mediated signaling, which may represent a druggable target to dampen excessive platelet activation in thrombo-inflammatory diseases.
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