Microvesicles: novel biomarkers for neurological disorders.
Microvesicles: novel biomarkers for neurological disorders.
复制标题
DOI：
10.3389/fphys.2012.00063
复制
发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Furlan R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Colombo E;Borgiani B;Verderio C;Furlan R
在生理条件下，大多数细胞类型都会释放微囊泡，但在细胞活化或肿瘤转化时，微囊泡的数量往往会增加。这表明，它们的检测可能有助于在病理条件下获得活化细胞类型的信息，并可能对活化的性质有所帮助。对于无法直接检查的区域和组织，如中枢神经系统，这可能是至关重要的。mv的释放增加被认为与几种神经系统疾病的急性期或活动期有关。虽然由于技术限制，这些研究基本上从未涉及到mv（外泌体或外泌体）的亚细胞起源，但起源细胞总是被确定的。血浆或血清中检测到的内皮或血小板来源的mv与具有血管或缺血性致病成分的神经系统病变有关，可能是支持卒中治疗选择的非常有用的标志物。在神经炎症性疾病中，如多发性硬化症，脑脊液中已经描述了少突胶质细胞或小胶质细胞起源的MVs，并且可能从角度上携带有关其起源细胞生物学改变的额外信息。在神经退行性疾病中很少有具体的证据，特别是神经起源的mv从未在这些病理中被研究过。很少有关于神经感染和脑外伤的数据报道。在脑肿瘤中，尽管进行的研究数量有限，但结果非常有希望，并且可能接近临床转化。我们在此回顾了目前所有关于神经系统疾病中mv检测的可用数据，将我们的搜索仅限于人类研究。目前的文献和我们自己的数据表明，MVs检测可能是一种非常有前途的策略，可以获得病原信息，确定治疗靶点，并选择神经系统疾病的特定生物标志物。
Microvesicles (MVs) are released by most cell types in physiological conditions, but their number is often increased upon cellular activation or neoplastic transformation. This suggests that their detection may be helpful in pathological conditions to have information on activated cell types and, possibly, on the nature of the activation. This could be of paramount importance in districts and tissues that are not accessible to direct examination, such as the central nervous system. Increased release of MVs has been described to be associated to the acute or active phase of several neurological disorders. While the subcellular origin of MVs (exosome or ectosomes) is basically never addressed in these studies because of technical limitations, the cell of origin is always identified. Endothelium- or platelet-derived MVs, detected in plasma or serum, are linked to neurological pathologies with a vascular or ischemic pathogenic component, and may represent a very useful marker to support therapeutic choices in stroke. In neuroinflammatory disorders, such as multiple sclerosis, MVs of oligodendroglial, or microglial origin have been described in the cerebrospinal fluid and may carry, in perspective, additional information on the biological alterations in their cell of origin. Little specific evidence is available in neurodegenerative disorders and, specifically, MVs of neural origin have never been investigated in these pathologies. Few data have been reported for neuroinfection and brain trauma. In brain tumors, despite the limited number of studies performed, results are very promising and potentially close to clinical translation. We here review all currently available data on the detection of MVs in neurological diseases, limiting our search to exclusively human studies. Current literature and our own data indicate that MVs detection may represent a very promising strategy to gain pathogenic information, identify therapeutic targets, and select specific biomarkers for neurological disorders.
登录
查看更多内容
DOI：
10.1097/ta.0b013e31816493ad
发表时间：
2008-03-01
影响因子：
--
作者：
Morel, Nicolas;Morel, Olivier;Dabadie, Philippe
通讯作者：
Dabadie, Philippe
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Simak, J. .;Gelderman, M. P.;Baird, A. E. .
通讯作者：
Baird, A. E. .
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Jy, W;Minagar, A;Ahn, YS
通讯作者：
Ahn, YS
影响因子：
11.4
作者：
Bianco, Fabio;Perrotta, Cristiana;Novellino, Luisa;Francolini, Maura;Riganti, Loredana;Menna, Elisabetta;Saglietti, Laura;Schuchman, Edward H.;Furlan, Roberto;Clementi, Emilio;Matteoli, Michela;Verderio, Claudia
通讯作者：
Verderio, Claudia
影响因子：
21.3
作者：
Skog, Johan;Wuerdinger, Tom;van Rijn, Sjoerd;Meijer, Dimphna H.;Gainche, Laura;Sena-Esteves, Miguel;Curry, William T., Jr.;Carter, Bob S.;Krichevsky, Anna M.;Breakefield, Xandra O.
通讯作者：
Breakefield, Xandra O.