Large-scale impacts of sea star wasting disease (SSWD) on intertidal sea stars and implications for recovery.
Large-scale impacts of sea star wasting disease (SSWD) on intertidal sea stars and implications for recovery.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0192870
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Raimondi PT
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Miner CM;Burnaford JL;Ambrose RF;Antrim L;Bohlmann H;Blanchette CA;Engle JM;Fradkin SC;Gaddam R;Harley CDG;Miner BG;Murray SN;Smith JR;Whitaker SG;Raimondi PT
疾病暴发可能对野生种群产生重大影响，但这些影响的证据往往不完整或轶事证据阻碍了我们了解暴发动态的能力。然而最近，北美西海岸的一群经过充分研究的生物体——海星，爆发了严重的疾病。我们分析了从不列颠哥伦比亚省南部到加利福尼亚州圣地亚哥的 88 个地点以及阿拉斯加州锡特卡附近的 2 个地点的协调监测工作近二十年的数据，以更好地了解海星消耗性疾病 (SSWD) 对潮间带主要捕食者 Pisaster ochraceus 的影响。定量调查显示，2014 年和 2015 年，几乎整个物种地理范围内的 P. ochraceus 数量出现了前所未有的下降。 SSWD 的影响强度在整个受影响地区并不均匀，南部地区的人口下降幅度高于北部地区。种群数量下降的程度与暴发前的黄赭石密度无关，尽管这些因素与其他有据可查的疾病事件有关。虽然海水温度升高与 SSWD 的最初出现没有广泛联系，但 2014 年和 2015 年异常高的海水温度可能加剧了该疾病的影响。在SSWD爆发之前和之后，我们记录了北部的赭石斑鱼的招募量高于南部，虽然一些幼体能够存活下来（正如招募脉冲向较大规格类别的转变所证明的那样），但SSWD后的存活率低于SSWD之前的时期。事后看来，我们的数据表明，SSWD 事件违背了基于两个在其他海洋疾病事件中很重要的因素（海水温度和人口密度）的预测，并说明了自然种群监测作为海洋疾病生态学综合方法之一的重要性。在受影响的范围内仍然存在少量出现 SSWD 症状的海星，因此种群恢复的前景尚不确定。
Disease outbreaks can have substantial impacts on wild populations, but the often patchy or anecdotal evidence of these impacts impedes our ability to understand outbreak dynamics. Recently however, a severe disease outbreak occurred in a group of very well-studied organisms–sea stars along the west coast of North America. We analyzed nearly two decades of data from a coordinated monitoring effort at 88 sites ranging from southern British Columbia to San Diego, California along with 2 sites near Sitka, Alaska to better understand the effects of sea star wasting disease (SSWD) on the keystone intertidal predator, Pisaster ochraceus. Quantitative surveys revealed unprecedented declines of P. ochraceus in 2014 and 2015 across nearly the entire geographic range of the species. The intensity of the impact of SSWD was not uniform across the affected area, with proportionally greater population declines in the southern regions relative to the north. The degree of population decline was unrelated to pre-outbreak P. ochraceus density, although these factors have been linked in other well-documented disease events. While elevated seawater temperatures were not broadly linked to the initial emergence of SSWD, anomalously high seawater temperatures in 2014 and 2015 might have exacerbated the disease’s impact. Both before and after the onset of the SSWD outbreak, we documented higher recruitment of P. ochraceus in the north than in the south, and while some juveniles are surviving (as evidenced by transition of recruitment pulses to larger size classes), post-SSWD survivorship is lower than during pre-SSWD periods. In hindsight, our data suggest that the SSWD event defied prediction based on two factors found to be important in other marine disease events, sea water temperature and population density, and illustrate the importance of surveillance of natural populations as one element of an integrated approach to marine disease ecology. Low levels of SSWD-symptomatic sea stars are still present throughout the impacted range, thus the outlook for population recovery is uncertain.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.1414894112
发表时间：
2015-01-27
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Fey, Samuel B.;Siepielski, Adam M.;Carlson, Stephanie M.
通讯作者：
Carlson, Stephanie M.
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
JONES, CG;LAWTON, JH;SHACHAK, M
通讯作者：
SHACHAK, M
DOI：
10.1098/rstb.1986.0072
发表时间：
1986-12-15
影响因子：
6.3
作者：
ANDERSON, RM;MAY, RM
通讯作者：
MAY, RM
影响因子：
1.6
作者：
Denny, MW;Paine, RT
通讯作者：
Paine, RT
DOI：
10.1017/s0025315408000519
发表时间：
2008-03-01
影响因子：
1.2
作者：
Frontana-Uribe, Sarita;De la Rosa-Velez, Jorge;Sanvicente-Anorve, Laura
通讯作者：
Sanvicente-Anorve, Laura