What does the COVID-19 pandemic teach us about global value chains? The case of medical supplies
What does the COVID-19 pandemic teach us about global value chains? The case of medical supplies
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DOI：
10.1057/s42214-020-00062-w
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发表时间：
2020-07-15
影响因子：
7.9
通讯作者：
Gereffi G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gereffi G
2019冠状病毒病疫情于二零二零年上半年肆虐地球仪，导致需求激增，导致治疗病毒所需的医疗用品严重短缺。在危机之前，医疗用品的贸易和生产是相互依存的，美国和德国等先进工业国家专门从事相对高科技的医疗器械行业，而中国和马来西亚等低成本生产中心则是技术不太先进的个人防护设备（PPE）产品的主要生产国，如口罩、外科手套和医用长袍。COVID-19疫情爆发后，随着许多受影响国家实施出口管制并寻求提高国内产量的方法，全球PPE产品出现短缺。对美国口罩价值链的一项案例研究显示，美国联邦政府官员的优先事项与美国主要跨国口罩生产商的战略之间存在不一致，导致在健康结果方面代价高昂的政策延误。总的来说，美国在COVID-19大流行期间出现N95呼吸机短缺，与其说是市场失灵，不如说是政策失灵。全球价值链框架强调了可能导致更有弹性的供应链和多样化采购模式的战略选择。
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a dramatic shortage in the medical supplies needed to treat the virus due to a massive surge in demand as the disease circled the globe during the first half of 2020. Prior to the crisis, there was an interdependence of trade and production for medical supplies, with advanced industrial countries like the United States and Germany specializing in the relatively high-tech medical devices sector, while low-cost production hubs such as China and Malaysia were leading producers of less technologically sophisticated personal protective equipment (PPE) products such as face masks, surgical gloves, and medical gowns. After the COVID-19 outbreak, global shortages of PPE products emerged as many affected countries imposed export controls and sought ways to boost domestic output. A case study of the face mask value chain in the United States shows misalignments between the priorities of U.S. federal government officials and the strategies of leading U.S. multinational producers of face masks, which resulted in exceptionally costly policy delays in terms of health outcomes. On balance, the U.S. shortage of N95 respirators during the COVID-19 pandemic is more a policy failure than a market failure. The global value chain framework highlights strategic options that could lead to more resilient supply chains and diversified sourcing patterns.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1759-5436.2001.mp32003004.x
发表时间：
2001-07-01
影响因子：
0.7
作者：
Gereffi, G
通讯作者：
Gereffi, G
影响因子：
8.9
作者：
Buckley, Peter J.;Strange, Roger
通讯作者：
Strange, Roger
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
Gereffi, G;Humphrey, J;Sturgeon, T
通讯作者：
Sturgeon, T
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Gereffi, G
通讯作者：
Gereffi, G