Double-strand break repair-independent role for BRCA2 in blocking stalled replication fork degradation by MRE11.

Double-strand break repair-independent role for BRCA2 in blocking stalled replication fork degradation by MRE11.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.cell.2011.03.041
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发表时间:
2011-05-13
期刊:
影响因子:
64.5
通讯作者:
Jasin M
Jasin M
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Schlacher K;Christ N;Siaud N;Egashira A;Wu H;Jasin M

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乳腺癌抑制因子BRCA 2对于维持基因组完整性和对损伤DNA或破坏复制叉的药物的抗性至关重要,可能是通过同源定向修复双链断裂(HDR)。使用单分子DNA纤维分析,我们在这里表明,新生的复制道创建之前,叉失速与羟基脲降解BRCA 2的情况下,但在野生型细胞中是稳定的。BRCA 2突变分析表明,保守的C-末端位点,参与稳定RAD 51丝,但不加载RAD 51到DNA上,是必不可少的这种叉保护,但对HDR无效。野生型细胞中的RAD 51丝破坏表型模仿BRCA 2缺陷。BRCA 2在复制停滞时防止染色体畸变,这通过抑制MRE 11(负责这种新型叉不稳定性的核酸酶)来减轻。因此,BRCA 2阻止而不是修复停滞复制叉处的溶核损伤以保持基因组完整性,因此可能通过这种新的复制特异性功能抑制肿瘤发生。
Breast cancer suppressor BRCA2 is critical for maintenance of genomic integrity and resistance to agents that damage DNA or collapse replication forks, presumably through homology-directed repair of double-strand breaks (HDR). Using single-molecule DNA fiber analysis, we show here that nascent replication tracts created before fork stalling with hydroxyurea are degraded in the absence of BRCA2 but are stable in wild-type cells. BRCA2 mutational analysis reveals that a conserved C-terminal site, involved in stabilizing RAD51 filaments but not in loading RAD51 onto DNA, is essential for this fork protection but dispensable for HDR. RAD51 filament disruption in wild-type cells phenocopies BRCA2 deficiency. BRCA2 prevents chromosomal aberrations upon replication stalling, which are alleviated by inhibition of MRE11, the nuclease responsible for this novel fork instability. Thus, BRCA2 prevents rather than repairs nucleolytic lesions at stalled replication forks to maintain genomic integrity, and hence likely suppresses tumorigenesis through this novel replication-specific function.
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