Submarine terraced deposits linked to periodic collapse of caldera-forming eruption columns

Submarine terraced deposits linked to periodic collapse of caldera-forming eruption columns
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海底梯田沉积物与形成火山口的喷发柱的周期性崩塌有关

DOI:
10.1038/s41561-023-01160-z
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发表时间:
2023
期刊:
影响因子:
18.3
通讯作者:
Wanket, Sean
Wanket, Sean
中科院分区:
地球科学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gilchrist, Johan T.;Jellinek, A. Mark;Hooft, Emilie E.;Wanket, Sean

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灾难性的、形成破火山口的爆炸性喷发会产生危险的火山灰降落、火山碎屑密度流,在某些情况下还会产生海啸,但人们对它们的动力学仍然知之甚少。在这里,我们使用规模的模拟实验和光谱分析保存完好的同心阶地海底沉积物建造的海底火山口形成爆炸性喷发,提供洞察这些喷发和由此产生的危害的动力学。我们发现,强大的海底喷发柱在崩溃制度提供材料的海面和海底定期环形沉积波。根据连续波浪之间的周期(随着射流强度的降低而变短),它们在海面和/或海底的冲击和传播可能激发海啸,驱动放射状火山碎屑密度流,并形成波长随距离减小的同心阶地,或单调变薄的沉积物。而Sumisu(伊豆-小笠原弧)破火山口存款架构的解释,无论是陆上或深水模型,不涉及沉积波和海面之间的相互作用,Macauley(Kermadec弧)和圣托里尼(希腊弧)破火山口是一致的浅水模型与广泛的沉积波-海面-海底相互作用。我们的研究结果使一个明确的分类海底火山口形成的爆炸喷发动力学和定量估计的喷发率从他们的梯田存款。
Catastrophic, caldera-forming explosive eruptions generate hazardous ash fall, pyroclastic density currents and, in some cases, tsunamis, yet their dynamics are still poorly understood. Here we use scaled analogue experiments and spectral analysis of well-preserved concentric terracing of seafloor deposits built by submarine caldera-forming explosive eruptions to provide insights into the dynamics governing these eruptions and the resultant hazards. We show that powerful submarine eruption columns in collapsing regimes deliver material to the sea surface and seabed in periodic annular sedimentation waves. Depending on the period between successive waves, which becomes shorter with decreasing jet strength, their impact and spread at the sea surface and/or seabed can excite tsunamis, drive radial pyroclastic density currents and build concentric terraces with a wavelength that decreases with distance, or deposits that thin monotonically. Whereas the Sumisu (Izu–Bonin arc) caldera deposit architecture is explained by either a subaerial or deep-water model involving no interaction between sedimentation waves and the sea surface, those of the Macauley (Kermadec arc) and Santorini (Hellenic arc) calderas are consistent with a shallow-water model with extensive sedimentation wave–sea surface–seabed interactions. Our findings enable an explicit classification of submarine caldera-forming explosive eruption dynamics and quantitative estimates of eruption rates from their terraced deposits.
巴尔塞纳火山的神秘凹槽:稀火山碎屑密度流侵蚀过程中流向反向旋转涡流作用的回顾
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发表时间: 2005-03-15
影响因子: 2.9
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DOI: 10.1016/j.tecto.2017.06.005
发表时间: 2017
期刊: Tectonophysics
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Hooft, Emilie E.E.;Nomikou, Paraskevi;Toomey, Douglas R.;Lampridou, Danai;Getz, Claire;Christopoulou, Maria-Eleni;O'Hara, Daniel;Arnoux, Gillean M.;Bodmer, Miles;Gray, Melissa
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1883 年喀拉喀托火山喷发的火山碎屑流
DOI: --
发表时间: 1991
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者:
H. Sigurdsson;S. Carey;C. Mandeville;S. Bronto
通讯作者: S. Bronto