Viral AlkB proteins repair RNA damage by oxidative demethylation.

Viral AlkB proteins repair RNA damage by oxidative demethylation.
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DOI:
10.1093/nar/gkn519
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发表时间:
2008-10
影响因子:
14.9
通讯作者:
Falnes PØ
Falnes PØ
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
van den Born E;Omelchenko MV;Bekkelund A;Leihne V;Koonin EV;Dolja VV;Falnes PØ

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细菌和哺乳动物AlkB蛋白是铁(II)和2-酮戊二酸依赖性双加氧酶,逆转RNA和DNA中的甲基化损伤,如1-甲基腺嘌呤和3-甲基胞嘧啶。AlkB结构域由许多单链的感染植物的RNA病毒的基因组编码,其中大多数属于植物病毒科。我们的系统发育分析AlkB序列表明,一个单一的植物病毒可能已获得AlkB相对最近,随后通过重组在其他病毒之间的水平传播。在这里,我们描述的第一个功能特性的AlkB蛋白从三种植物病毒。病毒AlkB蛋白在大肠杆菌中表达时有效地重新激活甲基化噬菌体基因组,并且在体外也显示出稳健的铁(II)和2-酮戊二酸依赖性脱甲基酶活性。病毒AlkB蛋白偏好RNA而不是DNA底物,因此代表了第一个具有这种底物特异性的AlkB。我们的研究结果表明,病毒AlkB在维持病毒RNA基因组的完整性,通过修复有害的甲基化损伤的作用,并支持AlkB介导的RNA修复是生物相关的概念。
Bacterial and mammalian AlkB proteins are iron(II)- and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases that reverse methylation damage, such as 1-methyladenine and 3-methylcytosine, in RNA and DNA. An AlkB-domain is encoded by the genome of numerous single-stranded, plant-infecting RNA viruses, the majority of which belong to the Flexiviridae family. Our phylogenetic analysis of AlkB sequences suggests that a single plant virus might have acquired AlkB relatively recently, followed by horizontal dissemination among other viruses via recombination. Here, we describe the first functional characterization of AlkB proteins from three plant viruses. The viral AlkB proteins efficiently reactivated methylated bacteriophage genomes when expressed in Escherichia coli, and also displayed robust, iron(II)- and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent demethylase activity in vitro. Viral AlkB proteins preferred RNA over DNA substrates, and thus represent the first AlkBs with such substrate specificity. Our results suggest a role for viral AlkBs in maintaining the integrity of the viral RNA genome through repair of deleterious methylation damage, and support the notion that AlkB-mediated RNA repair is biologically relevant.
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