A new neutrophil subset promotes CNS neuron survival and axon regeneration.

A new neutrophil subset promotes CNS neuron survival and axon regeneration.
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DOI:
10.1038/s41590-020-00813-0
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发表时间:
2020-12
期刊:
影响因子:
30.5
通讯作者:
Segal BM
Segal BM
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sas AR;Carbajal KS;Jerome AD;Menon R;Yoon C;Kalinski AL;Giger RJ;Segal BM

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横断性轴突在中枢神经系统(CNS)中通常不能再生,导致创伤性脑或脊髓损伤、青光眼和眼部缺血再灌注损伤患者的慢性神经功能障碍。尽管神经炎症经常被描述为有害的,但越来越多的证据表明,交替激活的、修复性的白细胞亚群及其产品可以用于改善神经预后。在目前的研究中,我们确定了一种独特的粒细胞亚群,具有未成熟中性粒细胞的特征,具有神经保护特性,并在体内推动中枢神经系统轴突再生,部分是通过分泌生长因子的鸡尾酒来实现的。这种促再生的中性粒细胞促进了视神经和脊髓的修复,证明了它与中枢神经系统隔室和神经元群体的相关性。我们的发现可能最终导致新型免疫疗法的开发,这种疗法可以逆转中枢神经系统的损伤,恢复一系列疾病的神经功能丧失。
Transected axons typically fail to regenerate in the central nervous system (CNS), resulting in chronic neurological disability in individuals with traumatic brain or spinal cord injury, glaucoma and ischemic reperfusion injury of the eye. Although neuroinflammation is often depicted as detrimental, there is growing evidence that alternatively activated, reparative leukocyte subsets and their products can be deployed to improve neurological outcomes. In the current study we identify a unique granulocyte subset, with characteristics of an immature neutrophil, that had neuroprotective properties and drove CNS axon regeneration in vivo, in part via secretion of a cocktail of growth factors. This pro-regenerative neutrophil promoted repair in the optic nerve and spinal cord, demonstrating its relevance across CNS compartments and neuronal populations. Our findings could ultimately lead to the development of novel immunotherapies that reverse CNS damage and restore lost neurological function across a spectrum of diseases.
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