Vitamin D, calcium homeostasis and aging.

Vitamin D, calcium homeostasis and aging.
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DOI:
10.1038/boneres.2016.41
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发表时间:
2016
期刊:
影响因子:
12.7
通讯作者:
Christakos, Sylvia
Christakos, Sylvia
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Veldurthy, Vaishali;Wei, Ran;Oz, Leyla;Dhawan, Puneet;Jeon, Yong Heui;Christakos, Sylvia

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骨质疏松症的特点是骨量低,骨组织微结构恶化,导致骨脆性增强,从而增加骨折风险。越来越多的证据表明,钙缺乏在衰老过程中与钙平衡紊乱有关。维生素D是维持钙体内平衡的主要因素。越来越多的证据表明,随着年龄的增长,钙平衡受到干扰的原因是老年人维生素D水平不足。在这篇文章中,概述了我们目前对维生素D的理解,它的代谢,以及维生素D介导的钙稳态维持的机制。此外,还回顾了与年龄相关的1,25(OH)2D3作用失调的机制,维生素D和钙的推荐每日剂量,以及维生素D类似物治疗骨质疏松症(仍有争议)的使用。阐明维生素D作用的分子途径和随着年龄增长而发生的变化将是未来研究的一个活跃领域,它有可能揭示维持钙平衡的新治疗策略。
Osteoporosis is characterized by low bone mass and microarchitecture deterioration of bone tissue, leading to enhanced bone fragility and consequent increase in fracture risk. Evidence is accumulating for an important role of calcium deficiency as the process of aging is associated with disturbed calcium balance. Vitamin D is the principal factor that maintains calcium homeostasis. Increasing evidence indicates that the reason for disturbed calcium balance with age is inadequate vitamin D levels in the elderly. In this article, an overview of our current understanding of vitamin D, its metabolism, and mechanisms involved in vitamin D-mediated maintenance of calcium homeostasis is presented. In addition, mechanisms involved in age-related dysregulation of 1,25(OH)2D3 action, recommended daily doses of vitamin D and calcium, and the use of vitamin D analogs for the treatment of osteoporosis (which remains controversial) are reviewed. Elucidation of the molecular pathways of vitamin D action and modifications that occur with aging will be an active area of future research that has the potential to reveal new therapeutic strategies to maintain calcium balance.
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