Fatty acyl recognition and transfer by an integral membrane S-acyltransferase.

Fatty acyl recognition and transfer by an integral membrane S-acyltransferase.
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DOI:
10.1126/science.aao6326
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发表时间:
2018-01-12
期刊:
Science (New York, N.Y.)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Banerjee A
Banerjee A
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Rana MS;Kumar P;Lee CJ;Verardi R;Rajashankar KR;Banerjee A

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DHHC (Asp-His-His-Cys) palmitoyltransferases are eukaryotic integral membrane enzymes that catalyze protein palmitoylation, which is important in a range of physiological processes, including small guanosine triphosphatase (GTPase) signaling, cell adhesion, and neuronal receptor scaffolding. We present crystal structures of two DHHC palmitoyltransferases and a covalent intermediate mimic. The active site resides at the membrane-cytosol interface, which allows the enzyme to catalyze thioester-exchange chemistry by using fatty acyl–coenzyme A and explains why membrane-proximal cysteines are candidates for palmitoylation. The acyl chain binds in a cavity formed by the transmembrane domain. We propose a mechanism for acyl chain–length selectivity in DHHC enzymes on the basis of cavity mutants with preferences for shorter and longer acyl chains.
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