Role of Gut Microbiota-Gut Hormone Axis in the Pathophysiology of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders.

Role of Gut Microbiota-Gut Hormone Axis in the Pathophysiology of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders.
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DOI:
10.5056/jnm18071
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发表时间:
2018-07-30
影响因子:
3.4
通讯作者:
Miwa H
Miwa H
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Fukui H;Xu X;Miwa H

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肠道微生物群对宿主的各种功能包括胃肠(GI)运动、代谢、营养、免疫和神经内分泌系统发挥关键影响。这些作用不仅由微生物群产生的短链脂肪酸介导,而且还由微生物群影响下的肠内分泌和免疫细胞的肠道激素和炎症信号介导。胃肠动力是由肠神经系统和激素网络协调的,胃肠动力障碍在功能性胃肠疾病(FGID)的病理生理中起着重要作用。在这种情况下,微生物群相关介质被认为作用于特定受体,从而影响肠神经系统,并随后影响GI运动。因此,FGID的病理生理学是基于肠道微生物群/肠道激素轴的改变,其对GI运动具有至关重要的影响。
Gut microbiota exert a pivotal influence on various functions including gastrointestinal (GI) motility, metabolism, nutrition, immunity, and the neuroendocrine system in the host. These effects are mediated by not only short-chain fatty acids produced by microbiota but also gut hormones and inflammatory signaling by enteroendocrine and immune cells under the influence of the microbiota. GI motility is orchestrated by the enteric nervous system and hormonal networks, and disturbance of GI motility plays an important role in the pathophysiology of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs). In this context, microbiota-associated mediators are considered to act on specific receptors, thus affecting the enteric nervous system and, subsequently, GI motility. Thus, the pathophysiology of FGIDs is based on alterations of the gut microbiota/gut hormone axis, which have crucial effects on GI motility.
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