Dual language use in sign-speech bimodal bilinguals: fNIRS brain-imaging evidence.
Dual language use in sign-speech bimodal bilinguals: fNIRS brain-imaging evidence.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.bandl.2008.09.008
复制
发表时间：
2009-05
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Petitto, Laura-Ann
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kovelman, Ioulia;Shalinsky, Mark H.;White, Katherine S.;Schmitt, Shawn N.;Berens, Melody S.;Paymer, Nora;Petitto, Laura-Ann
双语者同时使用两种语言能力的大脑基础一直是一个激烈争论的话题。一方面，行为研究表明，双语者的双语使用涉及复杂和高度原则性的语言过程。另一方面，脑成像研究表明，双语语言转换涉及大脑区域的神经激活，这些区域专门用于一般执行功能，而不是专门用于语言处理，例如一般任务维护。在这里，我们通过研究一个独特的人群，并使用创新的脑成像技术：精通手语和口语的双模态双语者和功能性近红外光谱，来解决双语语言处理中语言特异性与认知一般脑机制的参与问题（fNIRS; Hitachi ETG-4000），其与fMRI一样测量血液动力学变化，但其在允许不受约束的言语和信号产生的运动方面也是先进的。参与者群体包括（i）听力ASL-英语双语者，（ii）ASL单语者和（iii）英语单语者。成像任务包括“单语模式”（一次使用一种语言）和“双语模式”（同时或快速交替使用两种语言）下的图片命名。行为的结果显示，准确性是相似的组和条件。相比之下，神经影像学结果显示，双语模式下的双语者在后颞区（“韦尼克区”）内显示出比单语模式下更大的信号强度。重要性：双语者能够毫不费力地使用两种语言，而不会混淆，这涉及到语言特异性后颞脑区域的使用。这项对fNIRS和双峰双语者的研究为语言处理所依据的脑组织的范围和变异性提供了新的见解，并解决了语言模态，符号和语音如何影响大脑中的语言表征的诱人问题。
The brain basis of bilinguals’ ability to use two languages at the same time has been a hotly debated topic. On the one hand, behavioral research has suggested that bilingual dual language use involves complex and highly principled linguistic processes. On the other hand, brain-imaging research has revealed that bilingual language switching involves neural activations in brain areas dedicated to general executive functions not specific to language processing, such as general task maintenance. Here we address the involvement of language-specific versus cognitive-general brain mechanisms for bilingual language processing by studying a unique population and using an innovative brain-imaging technology: bimodal bilinguals proficient in signed and spoken languages and functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS; Hitachi ETG-4000), which, like fMRI, measures hemodynamic change, but which is also advanced in permitting movement for unconstrained speech and sign production. Participant groups included (i) hearing ASL-English bilinguals, (ii) ASL monolinguals, and (iii) English monolinguals. Imaging tasks included picture naming in “Monolingual mode” (using one language at a time) and in “Bilingual mode” (using both languages either simultaneously or in rapid alternation). Behavioral results revealed that accuracy was similar among groups and conditions. By contrast, neuroimaging results revealed that bilinguals in Bilingual mode showed greater signal intensity within posterior temporal regions (“Wernicke’s area”) than in Monolingual mode. Significance: Bilinguals’ ability to use two languages effortlessly and without confusion involves the use of language-specific posterior temporal brain regions. This research with both fNIRS and bimodal bilinguals sheds new light on the extent and variability of brain tissue that underlies language processing, and addresses the tantalizing questions of how language modality, sign and speech, impact language representation in the brain.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Green DW;Crinion J;Price CJ
通讯作者：
Price CJ
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
Dehaene, S;Dupoux, E;LeBihan, D
通讯作者：
LeBihan, D
影响因子：
5.7
作者：
Emmorey, K;Grabowski, T;Damasio, H
通讯作者：
Damasio, H
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Abutalebi, Jubin;Annoni, Jean-Marie;Khateb, Asaid
通讯作者：
Khateb, Asaid
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Fabbro, F
通讯作者：
Fabbro, F