Interaction between row-type genes in barley controls meristem determinacy and reveals novel routes to improved grain.
Interaction between row-type genes in barley controls meristem determinacy and reveals novel routes to improved grain.
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大麦基因之间的相互作用控制分生组织的决定性，并揭示了改善谷物的新路线。
DOI：
10.1111/nph.15548
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发表时间：
2019-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
McKim SM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zwirek M;Waugh R;McKim SM
大麦种在每个花序节发育一中心小穗，侧面为两个侧生小穗。在'二排'穗，中央小穗单独是肥沃的，并设置粮食，而在'六排'穗，侧小穗也可以产生粮食。五个六棱穗（VRS）基因（VRS 1 - 5）中任何一个的诱导功能丧失等位基因导致侧小穗育性的完全到中等增益。目前的六行栽培品种含有天然缺陷的vrs 1和vrs 5等位基因。关于VRS机制的信息知之甚少。我们对单和双vrs突变体进行了比较发育，表达和遗传分析，以了解更多关于VRS基因如何控制发育并评估其农艺潜力。我们表明，所有VRS基因抑制育性在心皮和芒出现在发展中的侧小穗。VRS 4、VRS 3和VRS 5可能通过诱导VRS 1表达而通过VRS 1抑制生育。配对vrs 3，vrs 4或vrs 5等位基因增加侧小穗育性，尽管存在一个功能性的VRS 1等位基因。在vrs 4背景下，vrs 3等位基因导致小穗身份和确定性的丧失，改善了籽粒的均一性，增加了分蘖，而vrs 5等位基因则减少了分蘖数，增加了粒重。VRS基因之间的相互作用控制小穗不育，确定性和生长，以及改善六行谷粒的新途径。
Hordeum species develop a central spikelet flanked by two lateral spikelets at each inflorescence node. In ‘two‐rowed’ spikes, the central spikelet alone is fertile and sets grain, while in ‘six‐rowed’ spikes, lateral spikelets can also produce grain. Induced loss‐of‐function alleles of any of five Six‐rowed spike (VRS) genes (VRS1‐5) cause complete to intermediate gains of lateral spikelet fertility. Current six‐row cultivars contain natural defective vrs1 and vrs5 alleles. Little information is known about VRS mechanism(s). We used comparative developmental, expression and genetic analyses on single and double vrs mutants to learn more about how VRS genes control development and assess their agronomic potential. We show that all VRS genes repress fertility at carpel and awn emergence in developing lateral spikelets. VRS4, VRS3 and VRS5 work through VRS1 to suppress fertility, probably by inducing VRS1 expression. Pairing vrs3, vrs4 or vrs5 alleles increased lateral spikelet fertility, despite the presence of a functional VRS1 allele. The vrs3 allele caused loss of spikelet identity and determinacy, improved grain homogeneity and increased tillering in a vrs4 background, while with vrs5, decreased tiller number and increased grain weight. Interactions amongst VRS genes control spikelet infertility, determinacy and outgrowth, and novel routes to improving six‐row grain.
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影响因子：
16.6
作者：
Bull H;Casao MC;Zwirek M;Flavell AJ;Thomas WTB;Guo W;Zhang R;Rapazote-Flores P;Kyriakidis S;Russell J;Druka A;McKim SM;Waugh R
通讯作者：
Waugh R
影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Doebley, J;Stec, A;Hubbard, L
通讯作者：
Hubbard, L
影响因子：
3
作者：
Alqudah, Ahmad M.;Schnurbusch, Thorsten
通讯作者：
Schnurbusch, Thorsten
大麦植物身材的遗传结构。
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Alqudah AM;Koppolu R;Wolde GM;Graner A;Schnurbusch T
通讯作者：
Schnurbusch T
影响因子：
4.6
作者：
Gallavotti, Andrea;Long, Jeff A.;Schmidt, Robert J.
通讯作者：
Schmidt, Robert J.