In the line of duty: Militarising African epidemics

In the line of duty: Militarising African epidemics
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履行职责:非洲流行病军事化

DOI:
10.1111/1758-5899.13297
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发表时间:
2023
期刊:
影响因子:
1.9
通讯作者:
Allen T
Allen T
中科院分区:
法学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Allen T

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在非洲部署士兵控制流行病的做法已变得更加可以接受,即使在发生侵犯人权行为的情况下也是如此。本文概述了这种情况是如何出现的,突出了自20世纪90年代以来的重叠过程和安全理事会第2177号决议的影响。然后探讨了对塞拉利昂和乌干达的影响。根据长期的实地调查,它讨论了埃博拉和COVID-19爆发期间的军事化流行病控制计划。报告指出,这两个国家对流行病的反应有相似之处,包括暴力执行法规,但也有惊人的差异。在塞拉利昂,发生了政府权力的民主过渡,而乌干达的军事化流行病控制有助于巩固专制的公共权力。就现有数据而言,这两个国家的疾病控制结果并没有很大差异,但乌干达的反应已经得到了评价。这突出表明了一种倾向,即以所谓的公共卫生目标为理由,采取不那么负责任的治理形式。
The deployment of soldiers for epidemic control in Africa has become more acceptable, even when human rights violations occur. This article outlines how this situation has arisen, foregrounding overlapping processes since the 1990s and the implications of Security Council Resolution 2177. It then explores effects with reference to Sierra Leone and Uganda. Drawing on long‐term fieldwork, it discusses militarised epidemic control programmes during Ebola and COVID‐19 outbreaks. It points out similarities in the responses to epidemics in these two countries, including the violent enforcement of regulations, but also striking differences. In Sierra Leone, a democratic transition of governmental power occurred, whereas militarised epidemic control in Uganda helped entrench autocratic public authority. To the extent that there is data available, disease control outcomes in the two countries were not widely divergent, yet the Ugandan response has been valorised. This highlights a drift towards less accountable forms of governance, justified by purported public health objectives.
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