One-step synthesis of nanoporous silicon @ graphitized carbon composite and its superior lithium storage properties
One-step synthesis of nanoporous silicon @ graphitized carbon composite and its superior lithium storage properties
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一步合成纳米多孔硅@石墨化碳复合材料及其优越的储锂性能
DOI：
10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.157955
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发表时间：
2020-11
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Peng Yu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhiguo Wang;Biao Zheng;Hui Liu;Chun Zhang;Fangfang Wu;Huayun Luo;Peng Yu
以稻壳为硅源，CO2为碳源，采用一步镁热共还原法合成了纳米多孔硅@石墨化碳（NPSi@C）复合材料。在自组装过程中，由稻壳衍生的SiO2制备的纳米硅被制成多孔结构，并在低温（680 °C）下与CO2还原形成的石墨化碳均匀地复合。纳米多孔结构有助于容纳活化硅的大体积效应，并为锂离子的转移提供足够的通道。此外，石墨化碳层有效地提高了复合材料的导电性和库仑效率，有利于电化学性能的提高。优化后的NPSi@C复合材料表现出优异的上级储锂性能，初始库仑效率为41.0%，在0.2 A g−1下循环100次后的可逆比容量为681.8 mA h g− 1。本研究提出了一种简单、低成本和可扩展的策略，该策略最大限度地发挥了传统镁热还原的优势，以制备Si/C复合材料，作为最有前途的锂离子电池负极材料。
Nanoporous silicon @ graphitized carbon (NPSi@C) composites have been reasonably designed and synthesized via one-step magnesiothermic co-reduction using rice husks as the silicon source and CO2as the carbon source. In the self-assembly process, the nano-silicon prepared from rice husk-derived SiO2is made into a porous structure and uniformly recombined with graphitized carbon formed by CO2reduction at low temperature (680 °C). The nanoporous structure has contributed to accommodate the large volume effect of activated silicon and provides sufficient channels for the transfer of lithium ions. Furthermore, the graphitized carbon layers effectively enhance the electrical conductivity and coulombic efficiency of the composites, which is conducive to the improvement of electrochemical performance. The optimized NPSi@C composite exhibits superior lithium storage properties with the initial coulombic efficiency of 41.0% and the reversible specific capacity of 681.8 mA h g−1after 100 cycles at 0.2 A g−1. This study suggests a simple, low-cost, and scalable strategy, which maximizes the advantages of traditional magnesiothermic reduction, to the preparation of Si/C composites as the most promising alternative anode materials for lithium ion batteries.
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