Effects of inter-food interval on the variety effect in an instrumental food-seeking task. Clarifying the role of habituation.
Effects of inter-food interval on the variety effect in an instrumental food-seeking task. Clarifying the role of habituation.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.appet.2014.09.015
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发表时间：
2015-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Bouton, Mark E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Thrailkill, Eric A.;Epstein, Leonard H.;Bouton, Mark E.
食物多样性增加了人类和动物的消费和工具性行为的发生率，而工具性行为则因食物而得到强化。本实验通过测试连续食物呈现之间的间隔对操作性食物寻找任务中反应的作用，研究了多样性效应与食物习惯之间的关系。对食物的习惯预计会在较短但不长的食物间隔时间内形成。还测试了品种对食品长期强化价值的影响。四组老鼠接受训练，按照不同的随机间隔 (RI) 强化计划进行杠杆按压，以获得 45 毫克的食物颗粒。每组中有一半的老鼠接受了不可预测的谷物和蔗糖颗粒的混合物，而另一半则始终接受蔗糖颗粒。对于接受短丸间间隔（即 RI-3 s 和 RI-6 s 强化计划）的组来说，反应率开始时很高，然后在每个 30 分钟的疗程内下降，但在接受较长丸间间隔（即 RI-12 s 和 RI-24 s）的组中则没有。混合组比仅蔗糖组响应更高的多样性效应也仅在较短的时间间隔内才明显。当我们控制获得的强化物的数量时，习惯和多样性效应在较短的时间间隔中也最为明显，这表明它们不仅仅是由于快速饱足造成的。当用较长粒间间隔（RI-12 s 和 RI-24 s）训练的组过渡到较短间隔（RI-3 s 和 RI-6 s）时，多样性效应也很快出现。品种对灭绝的抵抗力或对节前喂食的反应抑制作用的抵抗力没有影响。结果更清楚地将这种多样性效应与多样性对食物习惯的短期影响联系起来。
Food variety increases consumption and the rate of instrumental behavior that is reinforced by food in humans and animals. The present experiment investigated the relationship between the variety effect and habituation to food by testing the role of the interval between successive food presentations on responding in an operant food-seeking task. Habituation to food was expected at short, but not long, interfood intervals. The effects of variety on food’s long-term reinforcing value were also tested. Four groups of rats were trained to lever-press on different random-interval (RI) schedules of reinforcement to earn 45-mg food pellets. Half the rats in each group received an unpredictable mix of grain and sucrose pellets, while the other half consistently received sucrose pellets. Response rate began at a high rate and then decreased within each 30-min session for groups that received short inter-pellet intervals (i.e., RI-3 s and RI-6 s reinforcement schedules) but not in groups that received longer inter-pellet intervals (i.e., RI-12 s and RI-24 s). A variety effect in the form of higher responding in the mix group than the sucrose-only group was also only evident at the shorter intervals. Habituation and variety effects were also most evident with the short intervals when we controlled for the number of reinforcers earned, suggesting that they were not merely due to rapid satiation. The variety effect also appeared quickly when groups trained with longer inter-pellet intervals (RI-12 s and RI-24 s) were transitioned to shorter intervals (RI-3 s and RI-6 s). There was no effect of variety on resistance to extinction or on resistance to the response-suppressing effects of pre-session feeding. The results more clearly link this version of the variety effect to the short-term effect of variety on food habituation.
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影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Bouton, Mark E.;Todd, Travis P.;Miles, Olivia W.;Leon, Samuel P.;Epstein, Leonard H.
通讯作者：
Epstein, Leonard H.
影响因子：
7.1
作者：
Temple, Jennifer L.;Giacomelli, April M.;Epstein, Leonard H.
通讯作者：
Epstein, Leonard H.
DOI：
10.3758/bf03192817
发表时间：
2001-02-01
期刊：
ANIMAL LEARNING & BEHAVIOR
影响因子：
--
作者：
Aoyama, K;McSweeney, FK
通讯作者：
McSweeney, FK
影响因子：
1.4
作者：
Winterbauer, Neil E.;Lucke, Sara;Bouton, Mark E.
通讯作者：
Bouton, Mark E.
DOI：
10.3758/bf03200413
发表时间：
1992-05-01
期刊：
ANIMAL LEARNING & BEHAVIOR
影响因子：
--
作者：
MCSWEENEY, FK
通讯作者：
MCSWEENEY, FK